Anu Susan George1, M C Mathew2, Anna Mathew3, Susan Sosa Jacob2, John Michael Raj4. 1. MOSC Medical College, Kolenchery, Kerala, India. 2. Department of Developmental Pediatrics and Child Neurology, MOSC Medical College, Kolenchery, Kerala, India. 3. Department of Pharmacology, MOSC Medical College, Kolenchery, Ernakulam, Kerala, 682311, India. mosc.research@gmail.com. 4. Department of Biostatistics, St. John's Medical College, Bangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To document the prevalence of hypovitaminosis-D in children with intellectual and movement disorders and to identify the risk factors in vitamin D deficient children. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on 90 children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis-D and the risk factors such as sun exposure, age-appropriate mobility, diet, skin color and anti-epileptic medications were examined in children with cognitive disorders and movement disorders. RESULTS: The mean serum vitamin D level in children with cognitive disability (n = 46) was found to be 26.7 ± 16.3 ng/L and in the children with movement disability (n = 44) it was 27.9 ± 10.5 ng/L. Though the risk factors were found in greater numbers in children in the deficient group (vitamin D < 30 ng/L), the difference between the two groups was not significant. Of the 90 children, 86 (95.5%) had at least one sign of vitamin D deficiency. Lowest levels of vitamin D were seen in autistic spectrum disorder and learning disabilities in the Cognitive Disability group and hemiplegia in the Movement Disability group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities was 72.2%, with 76.1% in the cognitive disability group and 68.2% in the movement disability group. The risk factors were more common in vitamin D deficient children.
OBJECTIVES: To document the prevalence of hypovitaminosis-D in children with intellectual and movement disorders and to identify the risk factors in vitamin D deficient children. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study on 90 children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis-D and the risk factors such as sun exposure, age-appropriate mobility, diet, skin color and anti-epileptic medications were examined in children with cognitive disorders and movement disorders. RESULTS: The mean serum vitamin D level in children with cognitive disability (n = 46) was found to be 26.7 ± 16.3 ng/L and in the children with movement disability (n = 44) it was 27.9 ± 10.5 ng/L. Though the risk factors were found in greater numbers in children in the deficient group (vitamin D < 30 ng/L), the difference between the two groups was not significant. Of the 90 children, 86 (95.5%) had at least one sign of vitamin D deficiency. Lowest levels of vitamin D were seen in autistic spectrum disorder and learning disabilities in the Cognitive Disability group and hemiplegia in the Movement Disability group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities was 72.2%, with 76.1% in the cognitive disability group and 68.2% in the movement disability group. The risk factors were more common in vitamin D deficient children.
Entities:
Keywords:
Calcidiol; Cognitive disability; Hypovitaminosis-D; Movement disability; Neuromuscular disability; Vitamin D deficient
Authors: Valeria Frighi; Alireza Morovat; Matthew T Stephenson; Sarah J White; Christina V Hammond; Guy M Goodwin Journal: Br J Psychiatry Date: 2014-09-25 Impact factor: 9.319
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