Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn1, Catherine B Stroud2, Leah D Doane3, Susan Mineka4, Richard E Zinbarg4,5, Eva E Redei6, Michelle G Craske7, Emma K Adam8. 1. Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina. 2. Department of Psychology, Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts. 3. Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona. 4. Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. 5. Anxiety and Panic Treatment Program, The Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. 6. Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. 7. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 8. Human Development and Social Policy Program, School of Education & Social Policy and Cells to Society Center, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The serotonin system and hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis are each implicated in the pathway to depression; human and animal research support these systems' cross-talk. Our work implicates a 5-variant additive serotoninergic multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS) and separately the cortisol awakening response (CAR) in the prospective prediction of depression; other work has shown that the serotonin transporter polymorphism 5HTTLPR predicts CAR and interacts with the CAR to predict depression. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis that a 6-variant MGPS (original plus 5HTTLPR) would interact with CAR to predict prospective depressive episode onsets in 201 emerging adults using four annual follow-up interviews. We also tested whether MGPS predicted CAR. We attempted replication of significant findings in a sample of 77 early adolescents predicting depression symptoms. RESULTS: In sample 1, MGPS did not significantly predict CAR. MGPS interacted with CAR to predict depressive episodes; CAR slopes for depression steepened as MGPS increased, for risk or protection. No single variant accounted for results, though CAR's interactions with 5HTTLPR and the original MGPS were both significant. In sample 2, the 6-variant MGPS significantly interacted with CAR to predict depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Higher serotonergic MGPS appears to sensitize individuals to CAR level-for better and worse-in predicting depression.
BACKGROUND: The serotonin system and hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis are each implicated in the pathway to depression; human and animal research support these systems' cross-talk. Our work implicates a 5-variant additive serotoninergic multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS) and separately the cortisol awakening response (CAR) in the prospective prediction of depression; other work has shown that the serotonin transporter polymorphism 5HTTLPR predicts CAR and interacts with the CAR to predict depression. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis that a 6-variant MGPS (original plus 5HTTLPR) would interact with CAR to predict prospective depressive episode onsets in 201 emerging adults using four annual follow-up interviews. We also tested whether MGPS predicted CAR. We attempted replication of significant findings in a sample of 77 early adolescents predicting depression symptoms. RESULTS: In sample 1, MGPS did not significantly predict CAR. MGPS interacted with CAR to predict depressive episodes; CAR slopes for depression steepened as MGPS increased, for risk or protection. No single variant accounted for results, though CAR's interactions with 5HTTLPR and the original MGPS were both significant. In sample 2, the 6-variant MGPS significantly interacted with CAR to predict depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Higher serotonergic MGPS appears to sensitize individuals to CAR level-for better and worse-in predicting depression.
Authors: Suzanne Vrshek-Schallhorn; Catherine B Stroud; Susan Mineka; Richard E Zinbarg; Emma K Adam; Eva E Redei; Constance Hammen; Michelle G Craske Journal: J Abnorm Psychol Date: 2015-11
Authors: Kathrin Scheuch; Marion Lautenschlager; Maik Grohmann; Silke Stahlberg; Julia Kirchheiner; Peter Zill; Andreas Heinz; Diego J Walther; Josef Priller Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2007-06-13 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Emma K Adam; Leah D Doane; Richard E Zinbarg; Susan Mineka; Michelle G Craske; James W Griffith Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology Date: 2010-01-15 Impact factor: 4.905