Katarzyna Dereń1,2, Daniel Weghuber3,4, Margherita Caroli5,4, Berthold Koletzko6, David Thivel7,4, Marie-Laure Frelut8,4, Piotr Socha9, Zachi Grossman10,11, Adamos Hadjipanayis12,11,13, Justyna Wyszyńska14,4, Artur Mazur14,4,11. 1. Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland, kderen@ur.edu.pl. 2. European Childhood Obesity Group, Brussels, Belgium, kderen@ur.edu.pl. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. 4. European Childhood Obesity Group, Brussels, Belgium. 5. Paediatrician, Nutritionist, Brindisi, Italy. 6. Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Ludwig -Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany. 7. Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont Ferrand, France. 8. Pediatric Practice, Albi, France. 9. Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland. 10. Maccabi Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel. 11. European Academy of Paediatrics, Brussels, Belgium. 12. Department of Paediatrics, Larnaca General Hospital, Inomenon Polition, Larnaca, Cyprus. 13. European University Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus. 14. Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Health risks associated with the high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) include overweight or obesity and their complications such as diabetes, as well as oral and dental decay, among others. AIM: The aim of the present statement is to inform health care professionals, parents, care-givers, teachers and school head teachers, stakeholders and governing bodies about the risks associated with drinking SSBs in infants, children and adolescents. METHODS: We searched PubMed and the Cochrane databases for English language studies published from 2010 through October 1, 2018, for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and observational studies (search terms are reported in eAppendix in the Supplement). We also manually searched the references of selected articles, reviews, meta-analyses and practice guidelines. RECOMMENDATIONS: Consumption of SSB by children and adolescents should be limited, and the consumption of water and other non-sweetened beverages should be promoted. Educational institutions such as nurseries, pre-schools and schools should offer unlimited access to drinking water, whereas the sale of SSBs should be banned.
BACKGROUND: Health risks associated with the high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) include overweight or obesity and their complications such as diabetes, as well as oral and dental decay, among others. AIM: The aim of the present statement is to inform health care professionals, parents, care-givers, teachers and school head teachers, stakeholders and governing bodies about the risks associated with drinking SSBs in infants, children and adolescents. METHODS: We searched PubMed and the Cochrane databases for English language studies published from 2010 through October 1, 2018, for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and observational studies (search terms are reported in eAppendix in the Supplement). We also manually searched the references of selected articles, reviews, meta-analyses and practice guidelines. RECOMMENDATIONS: Consumption of SSB by children and adolescents should be limited, and the consumption of water and other non-sweetened beverages should be promoted. Educational institutions such as nurseries, pre-schools and schools should offer unlimited access to drinking water, whereas the sale of SSBs should be banned.