Rouh Hwai Wang1, Cheng-Ting Ho1, Hsiu-Hsia Lin2, Lun-Jou Lo3. 1. Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 2. Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 3. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, and Craniofacial Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. Electronic address: lunjoulo@cgmh.org.tw.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to create a normative database of 3D cephalometric measurements for adult Chinese in Taiwan to understand the specific features, as well as to provide information for 3-dimensional (3D) orthognathic surgery planning for patients with maxillofacial deformity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 male and 30 female adults with normal and balanced facial appearance, skeletal Class I pattern, and proper interincisal relationship with normal occlusion. Cone-beam computed tomography was performed. After standard orientation of the 3D image models, 51 landmarks were digitized and 3D cephalometric measurements of overall facial features, midface, maxilla, mandible, dentoalveolus, and soft tissue were performed and analyzed. RESULTS: Reliability and reproducibility of the 3D measurement were achieved. The data showed significant differences between males and females in facial height ratio, midface prominence, midface and maxilla width, mandible width and length for the skeleton, lower incisal inclination and interincisal angle for the dentoalveolus, and lip height, facial height and chin throat angle for the soft tissue. These dataset presented specific facial characteristics of the Chinese face as compared with other populations. CONCLUSION: The normative data helps to serve as a guide for maxillofacial treatment for globally ethnic Chinese, particularly useful for orthodontic treatment, 3D planning of orthognathic surgery and outcome assessment. Gender and ethnic differences need to be taken into consideration.
BACKGROUND/ PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to create a normative database of 3D cephalometric measurements for adult Chinese in Taiwan to understand the specific features, as well as to provide information for 3-dimensional (3D) orthognathic surgery planning for patients with maxillofacial deformity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 male and 30 female adults with normal and balanced facial appearance, skeletal Class I pattern, and proper interincisal relationship with normal occlusion. Cone-beam computed tomography was performed. After standard orientation of the 3D image models, 51 landmarks were digitized and 3D cephalometric measurements of overall facial features, midface, maxilla, mandible, dentoalveolus, and soft tissue were performed and analyzed. RESULTS: Reliability and reproducibility of the 3D measurement were achieved. The data showed significant differences between males and females in facial height ratio, midface prominence, midface and maxilla width, mandible width and length for the skeleton, lower incisal inclination and interincisal angle for the dentoalveolus, and lip height, facial height and chin throat angle for the soft tissue. These dataset presented specific facial characteristics of the Chinese face as compared with other populations. CONCLUSION: The normative data helps to serve as a guide for maxillofacial treatment for globally ethnic Chinese, particularly useful for orthodontic treatment, 3D planning of orthognathic surgery and outcome assessment. Gender and ethnic differences need to be taken into consideration.