Manije Darooghegi Mofrad1,2, Elnaz Daneshzad1, Leila Azadbakht1,3,4. 1. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR. 2. Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran. 3. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR. 4. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR.
Abstract
Aim: Study findings examining the association between dietary acid load (DAL), kidney function and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are inconsistent and there has been no meta-analysis on the relationship between DAL, kidney function and risk of CKD, hence we investigated this association in this paper. Methods: PubMed, ISI web of science and Scopus were searched up to January 2018 to identify all relevant articles. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled in random- effect model using the Der Simonian-Laird method. The I2 index was used to assess the amount of heterogeneity. Result: Twenty three studies with 200092 subjects were included. Meta-analysis of 9 observational studies showed that DAL had a positive significant association with risk of CKD (1.31; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.62; P = 0.011). Furthermore, increased DAL can decrease urine pH (-0.47; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.08; P = 0.017) significantly. Subgroup analysis could not identify the sources of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and risk of CKD. However, it showed the method of measurement was the source of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and urine pH (24 h urine pH: -0.62; 95% CI: -0.70, -0.54; P < 0.0001; Fasting urine pH: -0.08; 95% CI: -0.18, 0.02; P = 0.111). Conclusion: Our study showed that DAL can increase the risk of CKD and have an inverse association with urine pH.
Aim: Study findings examining the association between dietary acid load (DAL), kidney function and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are inconsistent and there has been no meta-analysis on the relationship between DAL, kidney function and risk of CKD, hence we investigated this association in this paper. Methods: PubMed, ISI web of science and Scopus were searched up to January 2018 to identify all relevant articles. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled in random- effect model using the Der Simonian-Laird method. The I2 index was used to assess the amount of heterogeneity. Result: Twenty three studies with 200092 subjects were included. Meta-analysis of 9 observational studies showed that DAL had a positive significant association with risk of CKD (1.31; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.62; P = 0.011). Furthermore, increased DAL can decrease urine pH (-0.47; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.08; P = 0.017) significantly. Subgroup analysis could not identify the sources of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and risk of CKD. However, it showed the method of measurement was the source of heterogeneity about the association of DAL and urine pH (24 h urine pH: -0.62; 95% CI: -0.70, -0.54; P < 0.0001; Fasting urine pH: -0.08; 95% CI: -0.18, 0.02; P = 0.111). Conclusion: Our study showed that DAL can increase the risk of CKD and have an inverse association with urine pH.
Authors: Cristina Valle-Hita; Nerea Becerra-Tomás; Andrés Díaz-López; Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz; Isabel Megías; Dolores Corella; Albert Goday; J Alfredo Martínez; Ángel M Alonso-Gómez; Julia Wärnberg; Jesús Vioque; Dora Romaguera; José López-Miranda; Ramon Estruch; Francisco J Tinahones; José Lapetra; Lluís Serra-Majem; Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas; Josep A Tur; Vicente Martín-Sánchez; Xavier Pintó; José J Gaforio; Pilar Matía-Martín; Josep Vidal; Angela Amengual-Galbarte; Lidia Daimiel; Emilio Ros; Ana García-Arellano; Rocío Barragán; Montse Fitó; Patricia J Peña-Orihuela; Alberto Asencio-Aznar; Enrique Gómez-Gracia; Diego Martinez-Urbistondo; Marga Morey; Rosa Casas; Eva María Garrido-Garrido; Lucas Tojal-Sierra; Miguel Damas-Fuentes; Estibaliz Goñi; Carolina Ortega-Azorín; Olga Castañer; Antonio Garcia-Rios; Cristina Gisbert-Sellés; Carmen Sayón-Orea; Helmut Schröder; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Nancy Babio Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2022-09-30