Lauren Gaydosh1, Robert A Hummer1, Taylor W Hargrove1, Carolyn T Halpern1, Jon M Hussey1, Eric A Whitsel1, Nancy Dole1, Kathleen Mullan Harris1. 1. Lauren Gaydosh is with the Center for Medicine, Health, and Society, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. Robert A. Hummer, Taylor W. Hargrove, and Kathleen Mullan Harris are with the Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Carolyn T. Halpern and Jon M. Hussey are with the Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Eric A. Whitsel is with the Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Nancy Dole is with the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To test whether indicators of despair are rising among US adults as they age toward midlife and whether this rise is concentrated among low-educated Whites and in rural areas. METHODS: We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative study of US adolescents in 1994. Our sample was restricted to individuals who participated in 1 or more of 5 waves (1994-2017) and self-identified as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Hispanic (n = 18 446). We examined change in indicators of despair from adolescence to adulthood using multilevel regression analysis, testing for differences by race/ethnicity, education, and rurality. RESULTS: We found evidence of rising despair among this cohort over the past decade. This increase was not restricted to low-educated Whites or to rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that generally rising despair among the young adult cohort now reaching midlife that cuts across racial/ethnic, educational, and geographic groups may presage rising midlife mortality for these subgroups in the next decade.
OBJECTIVES: To test whether indicators of despair are rising among US adults as they age toward midlife and whether this rise is concentrated among low-educated Whites and in rural areas. METHODS: We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative study of US adolescents in 1994. Our sample was restricted to individuals who participated in 1 or more of 5 waves (1994-2017) and self-identified as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Hispanic (n = 18 446). We examined change in indicators of despair from adolescence to adulthood using multilevel regression analysis, testing for differences by race/ethnicity, education, and rurality. RESULTS: We found evidence of rising despair among this cohort over the past decade. This increase was not restricted to low-educated Whites or to rural areas. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that generally rising despair among the young adult cohort now reaching midlife that cuts across racial/ethnic, educational, and geographic groups may presage rising midlife mortality for these subgroups in the next decade.
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