Mariya Markova1, Liselot Koelman2, Silke Hornemann3, Olga Pivovarova4, Stephanie Sucher3, Juergen Machann5, Natalia Rudovich6, Ralph Thomann7, Rosemarie Schneeweiss8, Sascha Rohn9, Andreas F H Pfeiffer4, Krasimira Aleksandrova10. 1. Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany. Electronic address: mariya.markova@dife.de. 2. Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. 3. Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany. 4. Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany. 5. University of Tübingen, Experimental Radiology, Tübingen, Germany. 6. Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Buelach, Buelach, Switzerland. 7. Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH, Nuthetal, Germany. 8. Institute for Food and Environmental Research, Nuthetal, Germany. 9. Institute for Food and Environmental Research, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. 10. Senior Scientist Group Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam, Germany. Electronic address: krasimira.aleksandrova@dife.de.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Pro-inflammatory biomarkers are well-established contributors to insulin resistance and represent valid targets for diabetes management and prevention. Yet, little is known whether nutrition could play a role in modulating various aspects of immune-inflammatory responses. Our aim is to assess the effect of isocaloric animal and plant protein dietary interventions on selected biomarkers representing various immune-inflammatory pathways. METHODS: We enrolled 37 participants with type 2 diabetes (age 64 ± 6 years, body mass index 30.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2, glycated hemoglobin 7.0 ± 0.6%) who underwent an either high-animal protein (AP) or high-plant protein (PP) diet (30 E% protein, 40 E% carbohydrates, 30 E% fat) for 6-weeks. Clinical examinations were performed at beginning and end of the study. Levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines [chemerin, progranulin], cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)], and proteins [calprotectin, lactoferrin and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] were determined in blood serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Chemerin and progranulin concentrations decreased following AP and PP diets. TGF-β1 increased in AP and decreased in PP, whereas calprotectin increased in PP and decreased in AP. No statistically significant differences in the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, suPAR, lactoferrin and GDF-15 could be seen in either of the protein diet arms. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that both AP and PP diets may effectively reduce the levels of the pro-inflammatory adipokines chemerin and progranulin. The effects on the additional immune-inflammatory biomarkers seem to be more complex. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: NCT02402985 (ww.clinicaltrials.gov).
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Pro-inflammatory biomarkers are well-established contributors to insulin resistance and represent valid targets for diabetes management and prevention. Yet, little is known whether nutrition could play a role in modulating various aspects of immune-inflammatory responses. Our aim is to assess the effect of isocaloric animal and plant protein dietary interventions on selected biomarkers representing various immune-inflammatory pathways. METHODS: We enrolled 37 participants with type 2 diabetes (age 64 ± 6 years, body mass index 30.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2, glycated hemoglobin 7.0 ± 0.6%) who underwent an either high-animal protein (AP) or high-plant protein (PP) diet (30 E% protein, 40 E% carbohydrates, 30 E% fat) for 6-weeks. Clinical examinations were performed at beginning and end of the study. Levels of pro-inflammatory adipokines [chemerin, progranulin], cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)], and proteins [calprotectin, lactoferrin and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15)] were determined in blood serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS:Chemerin and progranulin concentrations decreased following AP and PP diets. TGF-β1 increased in AP and decreased in PP, whereas calprotectin increased in PP and decreased in AP. No statistically significant differences in the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α, suPAR, lactoferrin and GDF-15 could be seen in either of the protein diet arms. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that both AP and PP diets may effectively reduce the levels of the pro-inflammatory adipokines chemerin and progranulin. The effects on the additional immune-inflammatory biomarkers seem to be more complex. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: NCT02402985 (ww.clinicaltrials.gov).
Authors: Jiudan Zhang; Olga Pivovarova-Ramich; Stefan Kabisch; Mariya Markova; Silke Hornemann; Stephanie Sucher; Sascha Rohn; Jürgen Machann; Andreas F H Pfeiffer Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2022-05-19
Authors: Valerie K Sullivan; Lawrence J Appel; Jesse C Seegmiller; Scott T McClure; Casey M Rebholz Journal: J Nutr Date: 2021-10-01 Impact factor: 4.687