Eun Lee1, Jung Yeon Shim2, Hyung Young Kim3, Dong In Suh4, Yun Jung Choi5, Man Young Han6, Kyung Suk Baek6, Ji-Won Kwon7, Joongbum Cho8, Minyoung Jung8, Young Suh Kim9, In Suk Sol9, Bong-Seong Kim10, Eun Hee Chung11, Sooyoung Lee12, Kyunguk Jeong12, Yoon Young Jang13, Gwang Cheon Jang14, Myung Chul Hyun15, Hyeon-Jong Yang16, Meeyong Shin17, Jin Tack Kim18, Ja Hyeong Kim19, Yoon Ha Hwang20, Ji Young Ahn21, Ju-Hee Seo22, Jin A Jung23, Hwan Soo Kim18, Moo Young Oh24, Yang Park25, Mi-Hee Lee26, So-Yeon Lee27, Sungsu Jung27, Soo-Jong Hong28, Young Min Ahn29. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 5. Sowha Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 6. Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 7. Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 9. Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 10. Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea. 11. Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. 12. Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea. 13. Department of Pediatrics, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center Pediatrics, Daegu, Republic of Korea. 14. Department of Pediatrics, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan, Republic of Korea. 15. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. 16. Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Center, Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 17. Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea. 18. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. 19. Department of Pediatrics, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea. 20. Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. 21. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 22. Department of Pediatrics, Dankuk University Hospital, Dankuk University Medical School, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. 23. Department of Pediatrics, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea. 24. Department of Pediatrics, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea. 25. Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Gunpo, Republic of Republic of Korea. 26. Department of Pediatrics, Incheon Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea. 27. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 28. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sjhong@amc.seoul.kr. 29. Department of Pediatrics, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: aym3216@eulji.ac.kr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by progressive and irreversible bronchial dilatation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the etiologies and clinical features of bronchiectasis in Korean children. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records for children diagnosed with bronchiectasis between 2000 and 2017 at 28 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. RESULTS: A total of 387 cases were enrolled. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 ± 5.1 years and 53.5% of the patients were boys. The most common underlying cause of bronchiectasis was preexisting respiratory infection (55.3%), post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (14.3%), pulmonary tuberculosis (12.3%), and heart diseases (5.6%). Common initial presenting symptoms included chronic cough (68.0%), recurrent pneumonia (36.4%), fever (31.1%), and dyspnea (19.7%). The most predominantly involved lesions were left lower lobe (53.9%), right lower lobe (47.1%) and right middle lobe (40.2%). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of these involved lesions by etiology. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) levels were lowest in cases with interstitial lung disease-associated bronchiectasis, followed by those with recurrent aspiration and primary immunodeficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchiectasis should be strongly considered in children with chronic cough and recurrent pneumonia. Long-term follow-up studies on pediatric bronchiectasis are needed to further clarify the prognosis and reduce the disease burden in these patients.
BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by progressive and irreversible bronchial dilatation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the etiologies and clinical features of bronchiectasis in Korean children. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records for children diagnosed with bronchiectasis between 2000 and 2017 at 28 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. RESULTS: A total of 387 cases were enrolled. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 ± 5.1 years and 53.5% of the patients were boys. The most common underlying cause of bronchiectasis was preexisting respiratory infection (55.3%), post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (14.3%), pulmonary tuberculosis (12.3%), and heart diseases (5.6%). Common initial presenting symptoms included chronic cough (68.0%), recurrent pneumonia (36.4%), fever (31.1%), and dyspnea (19.7%). The most predominantly involved lesions were left lower lobe (53.9%), right lower lobe (47.1%) and right middle lobe (40.2%). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of these involved lesions by etiology. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) levels were lowest in cases with interstitial lung disease-associated bronchiectasis, followed by those with recurrent aspiration and primary immunodeficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchiectasis should be strongly considered in children with chronic cough and recurrent pneumonia. Long-term follow-up studies on pediatric bronchiectasis are needed to further clarify the prognosis and reduce the disease burden in these patients.