Use of external fixation for juxta-articular fractures in children.

In this article, the use of external fixation in the management of juxta-articular fractures in paediatric patients is discussed. Basic principles of Ilizarov technique are described for distal radial, distal femoral, distal humeral and distal tibial fractures. Common indications for external fixation in pediatric fractures are comminuted, complicated, and/or open fractures, particularly at the distal humerus, distal radius, distal femur and distal tibia. There are several benefits of external frame fixation in these type of injuries in children. This method avoids additional injury to the growth plate as K-wires are not placed through it. It enables careful reduction without interfragmentary compression and correct anatomic alignment. There is no soft tissue dissection and periosteal blood supply is preserved. External fixation ensures primary fracture stability even in presence of comminution and high adjustment capability. Immediate joint motion and early weight-bearing are further advantages. Joint bridging is an option in severe bone loss or soft tissue injuries.