Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) - characteristics, nutritional and pro-health properties.

The cornelian cherry Cornus mas L. belongs to the Cornaceae family (Cornaceae). It can be found naturally in the central and south-eastern regions of Europe. Its fruits are characterized by oval or oval-oblong shape, with colours ranging from light yellow to dark cherry. The taste of fruits is usually considered to be tart- sweet, sour and in some cases sweet-pineapple. All cultivars of the cornelian cherry have a high biological value, which is mainly connected with their antioxidant activity, as well as with their phenolic compound and ascorbic acid content. The main pro-health properties of the cornelian cherry are related to the large amount of anthocyanins. The basic raw material is fruits; however, leaves, flowers and seeds are also used as a source of active ingredients. The chemical composition of cornelian cherry fruits is diversified and depends to a large extent on the cultivar, as well as on cultivation, and the environmental and climatic conditions.