Comparison of transport of chemotherapeutic drugs in voxelized heterogeneous model of human brain tumor.

Systemic administration of chemotherapeutic drugs is widely used in the treatment of cancer. However, a good understanding of drug transport barriers that influence the treatment efficacy is still lacking. In this study, a voxelized numerical model based on dynamic contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to study the transport and efficacy of three different chemotherapeutic drugs, namely methotrexate, doxorubicin and cisplatin in human brain tumors. DCE-MRI data provides realistic heterogeneous vasculature of the tumor, the permeability of tissue to contrast agent, interstitial volume fraction (porosity) of the tissue and patient-specific arterial input function (AIF). The permeability of tissue to aforementioned drugs is determined by correlating it with the permeability of tissue to the contrast agent. The model is employed to simulate drug concentration in the tissue and compare the effect of heterogeneous vasculature on the distribution of the drugs in the tumor. The drug accumulation is observed to be higher in high permeability areas initially, and in higher porosity areas at later times. Furthermore, it is observed that methotrexate remains in the interstitial space of the tumor in higher concentration for a longer duration as compared to other two drugs, facilitating more tumor cell killing.