Christoph Randler1, Christian Vollmer2, Nadine Kalb3, Heike Itzek-Greulich4. 1. The University of Tübingen, Department of Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 24, D-70726 Tübingen, Germany. Electronic address: christoph.randler@uni-tuebingen.de. 2. Independent Researcher, Germany. Electronic address: vollmer.christian@gmail.com. 3. The University of Tübingen, Department of Biology, Auf der Morgenstelle 24, D-70726 Tübingen, Germany. 4. TMRS, Mozartstraße 1 d, D-76684 Östringen, Germany. Electronic address: heikeitzek@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated sleep duration and sleep timing from infancy to early adulthood. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study of N = 18,323 participants (9004 female) from 0 to 25 years (M = 12.36; SD = 5.76) from kindergartens, schools and universities in SW Germany. Participants reported their usual bedtimes and rise times on weekdays/weekends. Time in bed (TIB), the midpoint of sleep, and social jetlag were calculated from these four clock times. RESULTS: Weekday rise times were progressively earlier until the age of 17 years, while weekend rise times contrarily were later. As a consequence, TIB during the week was progressively shorter until the age of 16 years. The midpoint of sleep (MSFsc) was increasingly later until it reached a plateau at 17 years. Social jetlag increased until 16 years to 3:18 h. Gender differences were small for sleep duration/chronotype with males sleeping less and later than girls and non-significant for social jetlag. A regression with two breakpoints explained variability in sleep duration and sleep timing by age (45-61% explained variance) better than a regression with one breakpoint (44-59%), linear regression (25-54%) or polynomial regression (43-60%). CONCLUSIONS: The age around 16-17 years can be considered a remarkable breakpoint when sleep behavior significantly changes back towards slightly longer sleep, less socially jetlagged behavior, and the increase in eveningness is then stopped but not reversed. A somewhat softer breakpoint is identified around 5-7 years when the rapid changes in sleep behavior initiate.
OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated sleep duration and sleep timing from infancy to early adulthood. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study of N = 18,323 participants (9004 female) from 0 to 25 years (M = 12.36; SD = 5.76) from kindergartens, schools and universities in SW Germany. Participants reported their usual bedtimes and rise times on weekdays/weekends. Time in bed (TIB), the midpoint of sleep, and social jetlag were calculated from these four clock times. RESULTS: Weekday rise times were progressively earlier until the age of 17 years, while weekend rise times contrarily were later. As a consequence, TIB during the week was progressively shorter until the age of 16 years. The midpoint of sleep (MSFsc) was increasingly later until it reached a plateau at 17 years. Social jetlag increased until 16 years to 3:18 h. Gender differences were small for sleep duration/chronotype with males sleeping less and later than girls and non-significant for social jetlag. A regression with two breakpoints explained variability in sleep duration and sleep timing by age (45-61% explained variance) better than a regression with one breakpoint (44-59%), linear regression (25-54%) or polynomial regression (43-60%). CONCLUSIONS: The age around 16-17 years can be considered a remarkable breakpoint when sleep behavior significantly changes back towards slightly longer sleep, less socially jetlagged behavior, and the increase in eveningness is then stopped but not reversed. A somewhat softer breakpoint is identified around 5-7 years when the rapid changes in sleep behavior initiate.
Authors: Jacqueline F Hayes; Leah M Schumacher; Autumn Lanoye; Jessica Gokee LaRose; Deborah F Tate; Mark A Espeland; Amy A Gorin; Cora E Lewis; Elissa Jelalian; Rena R Wing Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2022-07-16
Authors: Maria Giannoumis; Elise Mok; Cornelia M Borkhoff; Catherine S Birken; Jonathon Maguire; Patricia C Parkin; Patricia Li; Evelyn Constantin Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2022-08-01 Impact factor: 4.324