Nico Pagano1, Claudio Ricci1, Nicole Brighi2, Carlo Ingaldi1, Francesco Pugliese3, Donatella Santini4, Davide Campana1, Cristina Mosconi2, Valentina Ambrosini2, Riccardo Casadei5. 1. Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 2. Department of Specialized Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. 3. Endoscopic Unit, ASST Niguarda-Ca' Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy. 4. Histopathological Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Preventive Medicine, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. 5. Department of Internal Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy. claudiochir@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The management of small (≤5 mm) rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (r-NENs), incidentally removed during colonoscopy, still remains under debate. METHODS: All consecutive patients affected by r-NENs from January 2013 to December 2017 were studied. The inclusion criteria were: (1) patients having an incidental pathological diagnosis of very small (≤5 mm) polypoid r-NENs; (2) patients treated with a standard polypectomy as first-line therapy and (3) patients treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as salvage therapy. The primary endpoint was to identify the factors related to residual disease after a standard polypectomy. The secondary endpoint was to calculate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), grading and size in predicting residual disease. RESULTS: Starting from a prospective database of 123 consecutive patients affected by r-NENs, only 31 met the inclusion criteria. A final pathological examination of an ESD specimen showed residual disease in 7 out of 31 patients (22.6%). A multivariate analysis showed that the size of the polyps was the only independent factor related to residual disease with an odds ratio of 8.7 ± 7.5 (P = 0.013) for each millimetre. The accuracy of EUS, grading and tumour size (3.1 mm cut-off point) and area under the curves were 0.661 ± 0.111, 0.631 ± 0.109 and 0.821 ± 0.109, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When the r-NEN polyp was larger than 3 mm, ESD was indicated. Unlike the size of the tumour, grading and EUS features did not accurately predict residual disease.
PURPOSE: The management of small (≤5 mm) rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (r-NENs), incidentally removed during colonoscopy, still remains under debate. METHODS: All consecutive patients affected by r-NENs from January 2013 to December 2017 were studied. The inclusion criteria were: (1) patients having an incidental pathological diagnosis of very small (≤5 mm) polypoid r-NENs; (2) patients treated with a standard polypectomy as first-line therapy and (3) patients treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as salvage therapy. The primary endpoint was to identify the factors related to residual disease after a standard polypectomy. The secondary endpoint was to calculate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), grading and size in predicting residual disease. RESULTS: Starting from a prospective database of 123 consecutive patients affected by r-NENs, only 31 met the inclusion criteria. A final pathological examination of an ESD specimen showed residual disease in 7 out of 31 patients (22.6%). A multivariate analysis showed that the size of the polyps was the only independent factor related to residual disease with an odds ratio of 8.7 ± 7.5 (P = 0.013) for each millimetre. The accuracy of EUS, grading and tumour size (3.1 mm cut-off point) and area under the curves were 0.661 ± 0.111, 0.631 ± 0.109 and 0.821 ± 0.109, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When the r-NEN polyp was larger than 3 mm, ESD was indicated. Unlike the size of the tumour, grading and EUS features did not accurately predict residual disease.
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