Construction of high, intermediate and low-copy-number promoter-probe plasmids for Bacillus subtilis.

We constructed promoter-probe plasmids for Bacillus subtilis based on the promoterless gene for penicillinase (penP) of Bacillus licheniformis. A Bacillus stearothermophilus DNA fragment, which contained translational stop codons for all three reading frames and transcription terminators of the alpha-amylase gene, was inserted upstream from the Shine-Dalgarno sequence for the penP gene. A low-copy-number plasmid (about 10 copies per chromosome), pPF101, carried tetracycline-resistance gene, whereas another high-copy-number plasmid (about 55 copies per chromosome), pPF201, conferred resistance to kanamycin. The intermediate-copy-number plasmids (about 20 copies per chromosome), pPF001, pPF002, pPF011 and pPF012, conferred chloramphenicol resistance to both B. subtilis and Escherichia coli. Vector plasmids, pPF011 and pPF012, were provided with single cloning sites for BamHI, SacI, SmaI and XbaI upstream from the protein coding region of penP, whereas other plasmids contained only unique BamHI cloning sites. The applicability of these plasmids was demonstrated by cloning a promoter for the alpha-amylase gene.