Multifunctional Nanovectors Based on Polyamidoamine Polymers for Theranostic Application.

We present multifunctional, biocompatible and biodegradable magnetic nanovectors based on different polyamidoamine (PAA) polymers tailored with different diagnostic and therapeutic properties. Using maghemite nanoparticles with average size 15.5 ± 2.8 nm prepared by thermal decomposition, superparamagnetic nanovectors were obtained by coating the nanoparticles with synthetic polymers of PAA. These have a segmented copolymer structure, and bear PAA segments containing different amount of carboxyl groups per repeating units together with PEG segments. These copolymers are thought to combine the binding properties of the carboxylated PAA segments to inorganic nanoparticles, with the stealth properties of the PEG ones. The magnetic, hyperthermal and relaxometric properties of the synthesized samples were investigated. Magnetic measurements revealed that the samples are superparamagnetic at room temperature and the overall magnetic behavior is not affected by the functionalization process. Calorimetric measurements demonstrated a good heating efficiency at alternating magnetic field parameters below the human tolerability threshold (SAR of ca. 70 W/g at 260 Hz and 10.8 kA/m). 1H-NMR relaxivities were relevant compared to the values of the commercial contrast agents over the whole investigated frequency range.