Jesper Pihl-Thingvad1,2,3, Ask Elklit4, Lars Peter Andreas Brandt5, Lars Louis Andersen6,7. 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. jesper.pihl-thingvad@rsyd.dk. 2. National Center of Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. jesper.pihl-thingvad@rsyd.dk. 3. OPEN Odense Patient Explorative Network, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. jesper.pihl-thingvad@rsyd.dk. 4. National Center of Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 5. Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. 6. National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. 7. Physical Activity and Human Performance group, SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Burnout and workplace violence (WPV) have been associated in cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal studies with solid methods and adequate sample sizes are lacking. This study investigates whether WPV increases burnout symptoms during a 12-month period. METHODS: Questionnaire data were collected on 1823 social educators at baseline and 12-month follow-up, coupled with additionally 12 monthly text-message surveys on exposure to WPV. Using general linear modelling for repeated measures, we estimated change over time in burnout symptoms in three WPV exposure groups (none, low, high). RESULTS: A time by exposure to WPV interaction existed for development of burnout; F(2) = 7.2, p = 0.001 η2 = 0.011. Burnout increased significantly within the group of low exposure; F(1) = 6.8, p = 0.01 and high exposure; F(1) = 6.7 p = 0.001, but not within the non-exposed F(1) = 2.1 p = 0.15. At follow-up, both the low exposed and high exposed had significantly higher levels of burnout compared to the non-exposed. CONCLUSION: Exposure to WPV increases level of burnout within a 12-month period. We propose that assessment of burnout in future studies should utilize instruments capable of detecting small changes. We further propose that prevention against employee burnout could be improved using monitoring targeted at employees exposed to WPV.
PURPOSE: Burnout and workplace violence (WPV) have been associated in cross-sectional studies, but longitudinal studies with solid methods and adequate sample sizes are lacking. This study investigates whether WPV increases burnout symptoms during a 12-month period. METHODS: Questionnaire data were collected on 1823 social educators at baseline and 12-month follow-up, coupled with additionally 12 monthly text-message surveys on exposure to WPV. Using general linear modelling for repeated measures, we estimated change over time in burnout symptoms in three WPV exposure groups (none, low, high). RESULTS: A time by exposure to WPV interaction existed for development of burnout; F(2) = 7.2, p = 0.001 η2 = 0.011. Burnout increased significantly within the group of low exposure; F(1) = 6.8, p = 0.01 and high exposure; F(1) = 6.7 p = 0.001, but not within the non-exposed F(1) = 2.1 p = 0.15. At follow-up, both the low exposed and high exposed had significantly higher levels of burnout compared to the non-exposed. CONCLUSION: Exposure to WPV increases level of burnout within a 12-month period. We propose that assessment of burnout in future studies should utilize instruments capable of detecting small changes. We further propose that prevention against employee burnout could be improved using monitoring targeted at employees exposed to WPV.
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