Jenni Rosendahl1, Anna S Pelkonen2, Otto Helve3, Helena Hauta-Alus3, Elisa Holmlund-Suila3, Saara Valkama3, Maria Enlund-Cerullo3, Heli Viljakainen4, Timo Hytinantti3, Outi Mäkitie5, Sture Andersson3, Mika J Mäkelä2. 1. Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: jenni.rosendahl@helsinki.fi. 2. Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Allergy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 4. Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 5. Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation dose on allergic sensitization and allergic diseases in infants, and to evaluate whether vitamin D status in pregnancy and at birth are associated with infant allergy outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Altogether, 975 infants participated in a randomized, controlled trial of daily vitamin D supplementation of 10 μg (400 IU) or 30 μg (1200 IU) from the age of 2 weeks. At 12 months of age, food and aeroallergen IgE antibodies were measured, and the occurrence of allergic diseases and wheezing were evaluated. RESULTS: We found no differences between the vitamin D supplementation groups in food (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.66-1.46) or aeroallergen sensitization at 12 months (OR, 0.76; 95% CI,0.34-1.71). Allergic diseases or wheezing did not differ between groups, except for milk allergy which occurred more often in infants administered 30 μg vitamin D compared with the 10 μg dose (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.00-4.96). Infants with high cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (≥100 nmol/L) had a higher risk of food allergen sensitization compared with those with lower 25(OH)D concentration (75-99.9 nmol/L; OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.19-3.39). CONCLUSIONS:High-dose vitamin D supplementation did not prevent allergic sensitization, allergic diseases, or wheezing during the first year of life. In contrast, we observed an increased risk of milk allergy in infants randomized to higher vitamin D supplementation, and an increased risk of allergic sensitization in infants with high cord blood vitamin D status, indicating a possible adverse effect of high concentrations of vitamin D.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation dose on allergic sensitization and allergic diseases in infants, and to evaluate whether vitamin D status in pregnancy and at birth are associated with infantallergy outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Altogether, 975 infants participated in a randomized, controlled trial of daily vitamin D supplementation of 10 μg (400 IU) or 30 μg (1200 IU) from the age of 2 weeks. At 12 months of age, food and aeroallergen IgE antibodies were measured, and the occurrence of allergic diseases and wheezing were evaluated. RESULTS: We found no differences between the vitamin D supplementation groups in food (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.66-1.46) or aeroallergen sensitization at 12 months (OR, 0.76; 95% CI,0.34-1.71). Allergic diseases or wheezing did not differ between groups, except for milk allergy which occurred more often in infants administered 30 μg vitamin D compared with the 10 μg dose (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.00-4.96). Infants with high cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (≥100 nmol/L) had a higher risk of food allergen sensitization compared with those with lower 25(OH)D concentration (75-99.9 nmol/L; OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.19-3.39). CONCLUSIONS: High-dose vitamin D supplementation did not prevent allergic sensitization, allergic diseases, or wheezing during the first year of life. In contrast, we observed an increased risk of milk allergy in infants randomized to higher vitamin D supplementation, and an increased risk of allergic sensitization in infants with high cord blood vitamin D status, indicating a possible adverse effect of high concentrations of vitamin D.
Authors: Elisabet Johansson; Jocelyn M Biagini; Lisa J Martin; Hua He; John W Kroner; Cassandra Almasri; Veronica Velasquez; Maud Sonzogni; Stanley B DeVore; Daniel Spagna; Brittany Grashel; Gurjit K Khurana Hershey Journal: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Date: 2022-01-23 Impact factor: 6.248
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