María Encarnación Palomo-Buitrago1, Mònica Sabater-Masdeu1,2, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete1,2, Estefanía Caballano-Infantes1,2, María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez1,2, Clàudia Coll3, Lluís Ramió3, Martina Palomino-Schätzlein4, Patricia Gutiérrez-Carcedo5, Vicente Pérez-Brocal6,7, Rafael Simó8,9, Andrés Moya6,7, Wifredo Ricart1,2, José Raúl Herance10, José Manuel Fernández-Real11,12. 1. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain. 2. CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain. 3. Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain. 4. NMR Facility, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain. 5. Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, CIBER-bbn, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Genomics and Health Area, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research (FISABIO), València, Spain. 7. CIBER de Epidemiology y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 8. Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. 9. Department of Endocrinology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain. 10. Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, CIBER-bbn, Barcelona, Spain. raul.herance@vhir.org. 11. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain. jmfreal@idibgi.org. 12. CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain. jmfreal@idibgi.org.
Abstract
AIMS: To investigate the interactions among fecal and plasma glutamate levels, insulin resistance cognition and gut microbiota composition in obese and non-obese subjects. METHODS: Gut microbiota composition (shotgun) and plasma and fecal glutamate, glutamine and acetate (NMR) were analyzed in a pilot study of obese and non-obese subjects (n = 35). Neuropsychological tests [Trail making test A (TMT-A) and Trail making test B (TMT-B)] scores measured cognitive information about processing speed, mental flexibility and executive function. RESULTS: Trail-making test score was significantly altered in obese compared with non-obese subjects. Fecal glutamate and glutamate/glutamine ratio tended to be lower among obese subjects while fecal glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with BMI and TMT-A scores. Plasma glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with TMT-B. The relative abundance (RA) of some bacterial families influenced glutamate levels, given the positive association of fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio with Corynebacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae and Burkholderiaceae RA. In contrast, Streptococaceae RA, that was significantly higher in obese subjects, negatively correlated with fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. To close the circle, Coriobacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio and Corynebacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio were associated both with TMT-A scores and fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota composition is associated with processing speed and mental flexibility in part through changes in fecal and plasma glutamate metabolism.
AIMS: To investigate the interactions among fecal and plasma glutamate levels, insulin resistance cognition and gut microbiota composition in obese and non-obese subjects. METHODS: Gut microbiota composition (shotgun) and plasma and fecal glutamate, glutamine and acetate (NMR) were analyzed in a pilot study of obese and non-obese subjects (n = 35). Neuropsychological tests [Trail making test A (TMT-A) and Trail making test B (TMT-B)] scores measured cognitive information about processing speed, mental flexibility and executive function. RESULTS: Trail-making test score was significantly altered in obese compared with non-obese subjects. Fecal glutamate and glutamate/glutamine ratio tended to be lower among obese subjects while fecal glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with BMI and TMT-A scores. Plasma glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with TMT-B. The relative abundance (RA) of some bacterial families influenced glutamate levels, given the positive association of fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio with Corynebacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae and Burkholderiaceae RA. In contrast, Streptococaceae RA, that was significantly higher in obese subjects, negatively correlated with fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. To close the circle, Coriobacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio and Corynebacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio were associated both with TMT-A scores and fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota composition is associated with processing speed and mental flexibility in part through changes in fecal and plasma glutamate metabolism.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cognition; Glutamate; Metabolomics; Microbiota; Trail making test
Authors: M Camacho; A D Macleod; J Maple-Grødem; J R Evans; D P Breen; G Cummins; R S Wijeyekoon; J C Greenland; G Alves; O B Tysnes; R A Lawson; R A Barker; C H Williams-Gray Journal: NPJ Parkinsons Dis Date: 2021-05-26
Authors: Tony K W Hung; Tien S Dong; Zixi Chen; David Elashoff; Janet S Sinsheimer; Jonathan P Jacobs; Venu Lagishetty; Priten Vora; Jean Stains; Emeran A Mayer; Arpana Gupta Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-11-30 Impact factor: 5.717