Phage display derived therapeutic antibodies have enriched aliphatic content: Insights for developability issues.

Phage display is one of the most widely used technology for antibody discovery and engineering. Number of therapeutic antibodies derived from phage display increases rapidly due to its ease of use and ability to control antibody sequence information. Although there are numerous antibody candidates as promising therapeutics, most of them fail at later stages of development due to undesired biophysical properties. Antibody candidates with poor properties should be prevented or improved in early development phases to minimize enormous loss of time and resources. In this study, we showed that phage display derived therapeutic antibodies show higher self-interaction and polyspecificity compared to non-phage display derived ones. To identify molecular determinants behind this, physicochemical properties of CDR regions of 137 therapeutic antibodies were analyzed. We found multiple significant differences in both heavy and light chain CDR regions. Most profoundly, aliphatic content of HCDR3, HCDR2, and LCDR3 regions were enriched in phage display derived antibodies compared to non-phage display derived ones. Physicochemical determinants documented here seem to play important roles in polyspecific and aggregation-prone natures of antibodies which should be avoided in early development phases.