Jun Sun1. 1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 S Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Organoid is an in vitro three-dimensional organ-bud that shows realistic microanatomy and physiologic relevance. The progress in generating organoids that faithfully recapitulate human in vivo tissue composition has extended organoid applications from being just a basic research tool to a translational platform with a wide range of uses. Study of host-microbial interactions relies on model systems to mimic the in vivo infection. Researchers have developed various experimental models in vitro and in vivo to examine the dynamic host-microbial interactions. For some infectious pathogens, model systems are lacking whereas some of the used systems are far from optimal. OBJECTIVE: In the present work, we will review the brief history and recent findings using organoids for studying host-microbial interactions. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed search engine. We also shared our data and research contribution to the field. RESULTS: we summarize the brief history of 3D organoids. We discuss the feasibility of using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions, focusing on the development of intestinal organoids and gastric organoids. We highlight the advantage and challenges of the new experimental models. Further, we discuss the future direction in using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions and its potential application in biomedical studies. CONCLUSION: In combination with genetic, transcriptome and proteomic profiling, both murine- and human-derived organoids have revealed crucial aspects of development, homeostasis and diseases. Specifically, human organoids from susceptible host will be used to test their responses to pathogens, probiotics, and drugs. Organoid system is an exciting tool for studying infectious disease, microbiome, and therapy.
BACKGROUND: Organoid is an in vitro three-dimensional organ-bud that shows realistic microanatomy and physiologic relevance. The progress in generating organoids that faithfully recapitulate human in vivo tissue composition has extended organoid applications from being just a basic research tool to a translational platform with a wide range of uses. Study of host-microbial interactions relies on model systems to mimic the in vivo infection. Researchers have developed various experimental models in vitro and in vivo to examine the dynamic host-microbial interactions. For some infectious pathogens, model systems are lacking whereas some of the used systems are far from optimal. OBJECTIVE: In the present work, we will review the brief history and recent findings using organoids for studying host-microbial interactions. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed search engine. We also shared our data and research contribution to the field. RESULTS: we summarize the brief history of 3D organoids. We discuss the feasibility of using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions, focusing on the development of intestinal organoids and gastric organoids. We highlight the advantage and challenges of the new experimental models. Further, we discuss the future direction in using organoids in studying host-microbial interactions and its potential application in biomedical studies. CONCLUSION: In combination with genetic, transcriptome and proteomic profiling, both murine- and human-derived organoids have revealed crucial aspects of development, homeostasis and diseases. Specifically, human organoids from susceptible host will be used to test their responses to pathogens, probiotics, and drugs. Organoid system is an exciting tool for studying infectious disease, microbiome, and therapy.
Authors: Toshiro Sato; Robert G Vries; Hugo J Snippert; Marc van de Wetering; Nick Barker; Daniel E Stange; Johan H van Es; Arie Abo; Pekka Kujala; Peter J Peters; Hans Clevers Journal: Nature Date: 2009-03-29 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Toshiro Sato; Daniel E Stange; Marc Ferrante; Robert G J Vries; Johan H Van Es; Stieneke Van den Brink; Winan J Van Houdt; Apollo Pronk; Joost Van Gorp; Peter D Siersema; Hans Clevers Journal: Gastroenterology Date: 2011-09-02 Impact factor: 22.682
Authors: Toshiro Sato; Johan H van Es; Hugo J Snippert; Daniel E Stange; Robert G Vries; Maaike van den Born; Nick Barker; Noah F Shroyer; Marc van de Wetering; Hans Clevers Journal: Nature Date: 2010-11-28 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Peter Jung; Toshiro Sato; Anna Merlos-Suárez; Francisco M Barriga; Mar Iglesias; David Rossell; Herbert Auer; Mercedes Gallardo; Maria A Blasco; Elena Sancho; Hans Clevers; Eduard Batlle Journal: Nat Med Date: 2011-09-04 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Jason R Spence; Christopher N Mayhew; Scott A Rankin; Matthew F Kuhar; Jefferson E Vallance; Kathryn Tolle; Elizabeth E Hoskins; Vladimir V Kalinichenko; Susanne I Wells; Aaron M Zorn; Noah F Shroyer; James M Wells Journal: Nature Date: 2010-12-12 Impact factor: 49.962