Howard J Edenberg1, Joel Gelernter2, Arpana Agrawal3. 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS4063, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5122, USA. edenberg@iu.edu. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine and VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid, CB 8134, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the search for genetic variants that affect the risk for alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption. RECENT FINDINGS: Variations in genes affecting alcohol metabolism (ADH1B, ALDH2) are protective against both alcohol dependence and excessive consumption, but different variants are found in different populations. There are different patterns of risk variants for alcohol dependence vs. consumption. Variants for alcohol dependence, but not consumption, are associated with risk for other psychiatric illnesses. ADH1B and ALDH2 strongly affect both consumption and dependence. Variations in many other genes affect both consumption and dependence-or one or the other of these traits-but individual effect sizes are small. Evidence for other specific genes that affect dependence is not yet strong. Most current knowledge derives from studies of European-ancestry populations, and large studies of carefully phenotyped subjects from different populations are needed to understand the genetic contributions to alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the search for genetic variants that affect the risk for alcohol dependence and alcohol consumption. RECENT FINDINGS: Variations in genes affecting alcohol metabolism (ADH1B, ALDH2) are protective against both alcohol dependence and excessive consumption, but different variants are found in different populations. There are different patterns of risk variants for alcohol dependence vs. consumption. Variants for alcohol dependence, but not consumption, are associated with risk for other psychiatric illnesses. ADH1B and ALDH2 strongly affect both consumption and dependence. Variations in many other genes affect both consumption and dependence-or one or the other of these traits-but individual effect sizes are small. Evidence for other specific genes that affect dependence is not yet strong. Most current knowledge derives from studies of European-ancestry populations, and large studies of carefully phenotyped subjects from different populations are needed to understand the genetic contributions to alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders.
Authors: Joel Gelernter; Hang Zhou; Yaira Z Nuñez; Apiwat Mutirangura; Robert T Malison; Rasmon Kalayasiri Journal: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Date: 2018-03-13 Impact factor: 3.455
Authors: H R Thomasson; H J Edenberg; D W Crabb; X L Mai; R E Jerome; T K Li; S P Wang; Y T Lin; R B Lu; S J Yin Journal: Am J Hum Genet Date: 1991-04 Impact factor: 11.025
Authors: Gunter Schumann; Chunyu Liu; Paul O'Reilly; He Gao; Parkyong Song; Bing Xu; Barbara Ruggeri; Najaf Amin; Tianye Jia; Sarah Preis; Marcelo Segura Lepe; Shizuo Akira; Caterina Barbieri; Sebastian Baumeister; Stephane Cauchi; Toni-Kim Clarke; Stefan Enroth; Krista Fischer; Jenni Hällfors; Sarah E Harris; Saskia Hieber; Edith Hofer; Jouke-Jan Hottenga; Åsa Johansson; Peter K Joshi; Niina Kaartinen; Jaana Laitinen; Rozenn Lemaitre; Anu Loukola; Jian'an Luan; Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen; Massimo Mangino; Ani Manichaikul; Hamdi Mbarek; Yuri Milaneschi; Alireza Moayyeri; Kenneth Mukamal; Christopher Nelson; Jennifer Nettleton; Eemil Partinen; Rajesh Rawal; Antonietta Robino; Lynda Rose; Cinzia Sala; Takashi Satoh; Reinhold Schmidt; Katharina Schraut; Robert Scott; Albert Vernon Smith; John M Starr; Alexander Teumer; Stella Trompet; André G Uitterlinden; Cristina Venturini; Anne-Claire Vergnaud; Niek Verweij; Veronique Vitart; Dragana Vuckovic; Juho Wedenoja; Loic Yengo; Bing Yu; Weihua Zhang; Jing Hua Zhao; Dorret I Boomsma; John Chambers; Daniel I Chasman; Toniolo Daniela; Eco de Geus; Ian Deary; Johan G Eriksson; Tõnu Esko; Volker Eulenburg; Oscar H Franco; Philippe Froguel; Christian Gieger; Hans J Grabe; Vilmundur Gudnason; Ulf Gyllensten; Tamara B Harris; Anna-Liisa Hartikainen; Andrew C Heath; Lynne Hocking; Albert Hofman; Cornelia Huth; Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin; J Wouter Jukema; Jaakko Kaprio; Jaspal S Kooner; Zoltan Kutalik; Jari Lahti; Claudia Langenberg; Terho Lehtimäki; Yongmei Liu; Pamela A F Madden; Nicholas Martin; Alanna Morrison; Brenda Penninx; Nicola Pirastu; Bruce Psaty; Olli Raitakari; Paul Ridker; Richard Rose; Jerome I Rotter; Nilesh J Samani; Helena Schmidt; Tim D Spector; David Stott; David Strachan; Ioanna Tzoulaki; Pim van der Harst; Cornelia M van Duijn; Pedro Marques-Vidal; Peter Vollenweider; Nicholas J Wareham; John B Whitfield; James Wilson; Bruce Wolffenbuttel; Georgy Bakalkin; Evangelos Evangelou; Yun Liu; Kenneth M Rice; Sylvane Desrivières; Steven A Kliewer; David J Mangelsdorf; Christian P Müller; Daniel Levy; Paul Elliott Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2016-11-28 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Rosa M Crum; Ramin Mojtabai; Samuel Lazareck; James M Bolton; Jennifer Robinson; Jitender Sareen; Kerry M Green; Elizabeth A Stuart; Lareina La Flair; Anika A H Alvanzo; Carla L Storr Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2013-07 Impact factor: 21.596