Kristyna Pivovarcikova1, Abbas Agaimy2, Petr Martinek1, Reza Alaghehbandan3, Delia Perez-Montiel4, Isabel Alvarado-Cabrero5, Joanna Rogala6, Naoto Kuroda7, Boris Rychly8, Slavko Gasparov9, Kvetoslava Michalova1, Michal Michal1, Milan Hora10, Tomas Pitra10, Inna Tuckova11, Simon Laciok12, Jana Mareckova1, Ondrej Hes1. 1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic. 2. Department of Pathology, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. 3. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Royal Columbian Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 4. Department of Pathology, INCAN, Mexico City, Mexico. 5. Department of Pathology, Centro Medico, Mexico City, Mexico. 6. Department of Pathology, Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny, Wroclaw, Poland. 7. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Red Cross Hospital, Kochi, Japan. 8. Department of Pathology, Cytopathos, Bratislava, Slovakia. 9. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia. 10. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic. 11. Department of Pathology, Central Military Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. 12. Department of Pathology, Regional Hospital Havirov, Havirov, Czech Republic.
Abstract
AIMS: Primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) (hereafter referred to as renal NET) is rare, with ~100 cases having been reported in the literature. There are also limited data on the molecular-genetic background of primary renal NETs. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed 11 renal NETs by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify characteristic genetic aberrations. All tumours were positive for synaptophysin, and also expressed insulinoma-associated protein 1 (10/11), chromogranin-A (8/11), and CD56 (3/11). Cytoplasmic positivity of CD99 was present in eight of 11 cases, and strong nuclear expression of α-thalassaemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) was retained in all 11 cases. Molecular-genetic analysis of aberration of VHL gave negative results in all cases. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3p21 was found in three of nine analysable cases. NGS was successful in nine cases, showing a total of 56 variants being left after the updated filtering process, representing an average of five variants per sample. All analysable cases were negative for ATRX and DAXX (death-domain associated protein X) mutations. The most frequently mutated genes were CDH1 and TET2, with three mutations in two cases. Mutations in AKT3, ROS1, PIK3R2, BCR and MYC were found in two cases. The remaining 41 genes were found to be mutated only in individual cases. In four cases, the mutations affected a subset of genes related to angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the mutation profile of primary renal NETs is variable, and none of the studied genes or affected pathways seems to be specific for renal NET.
AIMS: Primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour (NET) (hereafter referred to as renal NET) is rare, with ~100 cases having been reported in the literature. There are also limited data on the molecular-genetic background of primary renal NETs. METHODS AND RESULTS: We analysed 11 renal NETs by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify characteristic genetic aberrations. All tumours were positive for synaptophysin, and also expressed insulinoma-associated protein 1 (10/11), chromogranin-A (8/11), and CD56 (3/11). Cytoplasmic positivity of CD99 was present in eight of 11 cases, and strong nuclear expression of α-thalassaemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) was retained in all 11 cases. Molecular-genetic analysis of aberration of VHL gave negative results in all cases. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 3p21 was found in three of nine analysable cases. NGS was successful in nine cases, showing a total of 56 variants being left after the updated filtering process, representing an average of five variants per sample. All analysable cases were negative for ATRX and DAXX (death-domain associated protein X) mutations. The most frequently mutated genes were CDH1 and TET2, with three mutations in two cases. Mutations in AKT3, ROS1, PIK3R2, BCR and MYC were found in two cases. The remaining 41 genes were found to be mutated only in individual cases. In four cases, the mutations affected a subset of genes related to angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the mutation profile of primary renal NETs is variable, and none of the studied genes or affected pathways seems to be specific for renal NET.
Authors: Begoña O Alen; Lara S Estévez-Pérez; María Teresa Hermida-Romero; Ana Reguera-Arias; Rosario García-Campelo; Mercedes de la Torre-Bravos; Ángel Concha Journal: Cancers (Basel) Date: 2022-07-07 Impact factor: 6.575