J Santabárbara1, B Villagrasa2, R López-Antón3, B Olaya4, J Bueno-Notivol5, C de la Cámara6, P Gracia-García7, E Lobo1, A Lobo8. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain. 2. Psychiatry Service. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain. 3. Department of Psychology and Sociology. Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: rlanton@unizar.es. 4. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain. 5. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Psychiatry Service. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain. 6. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatry Service. Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain; Psychiatry Service. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry. Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 7. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatry Service. Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry. Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 8. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry. Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether clinically relevant anxiety increased the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) while controlling for the presence of depression and other confounders; and to report the population attributable fraction (PAF) associated with anxiety disorder. METHOD: We used data from the longitudinal, community-based Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) study. A random sample of 4057 dementia-free community dwellers aged ≥55 years were followed for 4.5 years. The Geriatric Mental State-Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy package was used for the diagnosis of clinically significant cases and subcases of anxiety; and AD was diagnosed by a panel of research psychiatrists according to DSM-IV criteria. Multivariate survival analysis with competing risk regression model was performed. RESULTS: We observed a significant association between anxiety cases at baseline and AD risk in the univariate analysis that persisted in the fully adjusted model (SHR: 3.90; 95% CI: 1.59-9.60; p = 0.003), with a PAF for AD of 6.11% (95% CI: 1.30%-16.17%). No significant association between 'subcases' of anxiety at baseline and AD risk was found. LIMITATIONS: Data on apolipoprotein E were not available. The hospital-based diagnosis was not completed in all cases of dementia. CONCLUSION: Late-life, clinically significant anxiety (but not subclinical anxiety) seems to increase the risk of AD, independently of the effect of several confounders, including depression. Taking into account the high prevalence of anxiety among the elderly, future studies are warranted to determine potential risk reduction of AD.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether clinically relevant anxiety increased the risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) while controlling for the presence of depression and other confounders; and to report the population attributable fraction (PAF) associated with anxiety disorder. METHOD: We used data from the longitudinal, community-based Zaragoza Dementia and Depression (ZARADEMP) study. A random sample of 4057 dementia-free community dwellers aged ≥55 years were followed for 4.5 years. The Geriatric Mental State-Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy package was used for the diagnosis of clinically significant cases and subcases of anxiety; and AD was diagnosed by a panel of research psychiatrists according to DSM-IV criteria. Multivariate survival analysis with competing risk regression model was performed. RESULTS: We observed a significant association between anxiety cases at baseline and AD risk in the univariate analysis that persisted in the fully adjusted model (SHR: 3.90; 95% CI: 1.59-9.60; p = 0.003), with a PAF for AD of 6.11% (95% CI: 1.30%-16.17%). No significant association between 'subcases' of anxiety at baseline and AD risk was found. LIMITATIONS: Data on apolipoprotein E were not available. The hospital-based diagnosis was not completed in all cases of dementia. CONCLUSION: Late-life, clinically significant anxiety (but not subclinical anxiety) seems to increase the risk of AD, independently of the effect of several confounders, including depression. Taking into account the high prevalence of anxiety among the elderly, future studies are warranted to determine potential risk reduction of AD.
Authors: Elena Lobo; Patricia Gracia-García; Antonio Lobo; Pedro Saz; Concepción De-la-Cámara Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-07-02 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Javier Santabárbara; Beatriz Villagrasa; Raúl Lopez-Anton; Concepción De la Cámara; Patricia Gracia-García; Antonio Lobo Journal: Brain Sci Date: 2020-04-30
Authors: Javier Santabárbara; Darren M Lipnicki; Beatriz Olaya; Beatriz Villagrasa; Patricia Gracia-García; Juan Bueno-Notivol; Antonio Lobo; Raúl López-Antón Journal: J Clin Med Date: 2020-05-06 Impact factor: 4.241
Authors: Javier Santabárbara; Juan Bueno-Notivol; Darren M Lipnicki; Concepción de la Cámara; Raúl López-Antón; Antonio Lobo; Patricia Gracia-García Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-02-12 Impact factor: 3.390