Barbara Caffery1, Sruthi Srinivasan2, Christopher J Reaume3, Aren Fischer4, David Cappadocia4, Csaba Siffel5, Clara C Chan6. 1. Toronto Eye Care, Toronto, ON, Canada. 2. Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. 3. Shire Pharma Canada ULC, Now Part of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Toronto, ON, Canada. 4. IQVIA, Mississauga, ON, Canada. 5. Shire, Now Part of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Lexington, MA, USA; College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. 6. Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: clarachanmd@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Population-based cross-sectional survey in Ontario to estimate the 2016 prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and associated risk factors among adults in Canada. METHODS: We emailed the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) to 124,469 Ontario adults (age ≥18 years) in the IQVIA E360 database, March-April 2017. Inclusion criteria were: ≥2 visits to an Ontario based clinic, ≥1 visits in the 1 year before the study; database record with email. DED was defined as a DEQ-5 score of >6/22. The crude prevalence by age/sex of the Ontario sample was adjusted to the 2016 Canadian population (mean age 41.0 years, 51% female). Significance of DED risk factors (age, sex, selected diseases/medical conditions and medications) was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 5163 (4.1%) patients who completed the survey (59.5% female, median age, 46 years; 40.4% male, 56 years), 1135 respondents reported DED. Prevalence increased with age (p < 0.05) and was highest among those aged 55-64 years (24.7%; 95% CI, 22.1-27.3%) and lowest among those aged 25-34 years (18.4%; 95% CI, 15.9-21.0%). Prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among women (24.7%; 95% CI, 23.2-26.2%) than men (18.0%; 95% CI, 16.4-19.7%). Other risk factors were not significant. The age-/sex-adjusted Canadian DED prevalence estimate from this sample was 21.3% (95% CI, 19.8-23.2%), corresponding to ∼6.3 million people. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the Ontario sample, we estimate that >6 million Canadian adults may have DED, and that older people and females are more likely to be affected.
PURPOSE: Population-based cross-sectional survey in Ontario to estimate the 2016 prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) and associated risk factors among adults in Canada. METHODS: We emailed the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire (DEQ-5) to 124,469 Ontario adults (age ≥18 years) in the IQVIA E360 database, March-April 2017. Inclusion criteria were: ≥2 visits to an Ontario based clinic, ≥1 visits in the 1 year before the study; database record with email. DED was defined as a DEQ-5 score of >6/22. The crude prevalence by age/sex of the Ontario sample was adjusted to the 2016 Canadian population (mean age 41.0 years, 51% female). Significance of DED risk factors (age, sex, selected diseases/medical conditions and medications) was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 5163 (4.1%) patients who completed the survey (59.5% female, median age, 46 years; 40.4% male, 56 years), 1135 respondents reported DED. Prevalence increased with age (p < 0.05) and was highest among those aged 55-64 years (24.7%; 95% CI, 22.1-27.3%) and lowest among those aged 25-34 years (18.4%; 95% CI, 15.9-21.0%). Prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.001) among women (24.7%; 95% CI, 23.2-26.2%) than men (18.0%; 95% CI, 16.4-19.7%). Other risk factors were not significant. The age-/sex-adjusted Canadian DED prevalence estimate from this sample was 21.3% (95% CI, 19.8-23.2%), corresponding to ∼6.3 million people. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the Ontario sample, we estimate that >6 million Canadian adults may have DED, and that older people and females are more likely to be affected.
Authors: John A Hovanesian; Kelly K Nichols; Mitchell Jackson; James Katz; Arthur Chan; Mrudula B Glassberg; Brigitte Sloesen; Caroline Korves; Catherine Nguyen; Annie Syntosi Journal: Clin Ophthalmol Date: 2021-03-08
Authors: Isabela Yang; Tais Wakamatsu; Isabella Batistela Inhesta Sacho; José Henrique Fazzi; Asafe César de Aquino; Gabriel Ayub; Pedro Albuquerque Rebello; José Álvaro Pereira Gomes; Monica Alves Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-11-11 Impact factor: 3.240