Regulation of conidiation, dimorphic transition, and microsclerotia formation by MrSwi6 transcription factor in dimorphic fungus Metarhizium rileyi.

Microsclerotia (MS) produced in the liquid culture of the dimorphic insect pathogen Metarhizium rileyi can be used as a mycoinsecticide. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the cell cycle signaling pathway was involved in regulating MS formation. To investigate the mechanisms by which the signaling pathway is regulated, a cell cycle box binding transcription factor MrSwi6 of M. rileyi was characterized. MrSwi6 was highly expressed during periods of yeast-hypha transition and conidia and MS formation. When compared with wild-type and complemented strains, disruption of MrSwi6 significantly reduced conidia (15-36%) and MS formation (96.2%), and exhibited decreased virulence levels. Digital expression profiling revealed that genes involved in antioxidation, pigment biosynthesis, and ion transport and storage were regulated by MrSwi6 during conidia and MS development. These results confirmed the significance of MrSwi6 in dimorphic transition, conidia and MS formation, and virulence in M. rileyi.