Zachariah Chandy1, Elisabeth Ference2, Jivianne T Lee3. 1. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS 62-237, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. zchandy@mednet.ucla.edu. 2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 3. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS 62-237, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent problem that can elude diagnosis. In addition, given the burgeoning interest in pediatric sinonasal disease, treatment modalities are constantly evolving. RECENT FINDINGS: The diagnosis of pediatric CRS is primarily based on clinical history and signs supported by objective findings (i.e., nasal endoscopy and/or computed tomography (CT) imaging). Cultures are indicated in patients who have not responded to medical therapy or have significant comorbidities. Nasal saline irrigation, nasal saline spray, and oral antibiotics are currently recommended for initial medical management. In children with CRS who have failed medical therapy, a stepwise approach to surgical intervention can lead to significant improvements in quality of life. This review provides an overview of the current guidelines and recent literature regarding the diagnosis, microbiology, and treatment options of CRS in the pediatric population.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent problem that can elude diagnosis. In addition, given the burgeoning interest in pediatric sinonasal disease, treatment modalities are constantly evolving. RECENT FINDINGS: The diagnosis of pediatric CRS is primarily based on clinical history and signs supported by objective findings (i.e., nasal endoscopy and/or computed tomography (CT) imaging). Cultures are indicated in patients who have not responded to medical therapy or have significant comorbidities. Nasal saline irrigation, nasal saline spray, and oral antibiotics are currently recommended for initial medical management. In children with CRS who have failed medical therapy, a stepwise approach to surgical intervention can lead to significant improvements in quality of life. This review provides an overview of the current guidelines and recent literature regarding the diagnosis, microbiology, and treatment options of CRS in the pediatric population.
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