Joveeta Joseph1, Bhavani Sontam2, Sai Jeevana Madhuri Guda2, Jaishree Gandhi2, Savitri Sharma2, Mudit Tyagi3, Vivek Pravin Dave3, Taraprasad Das3. 1. Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. joveeta@lvpei.org. 2. Jhaveri Microbiology Centre, Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. 3. Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreo-Retinal Diseases, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine trends in the microbial spectrum of endophthalmitis over the past 25 years and to review its antibiotic susceptibility patterns over the last 10 years. METHODS: Microbiology records of culture-positive endophthalmitis cases from 1991 to 2015 were reviewed. Additionally, data between 2005 and 2015 was also analyzed for trends in antibiotic susceptibility. RESULTS: Of the total of 9278 patients, 3319 (35.7%) were culture positive and included bacteria (2840/3319, 85.56%), fungi (387/3319, 11.66%), and mixed cultures (92/3319, 2.7%). Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 67.68% (1922/2840) of the total bacteria seen, with the most prevalent pathogen being Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Among the gram-negative organisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent while. Aspergillus flavus was the most common fungus isolated and Candida sp. accounted for 6.9% of the total fungi isolated. There was no significant change in the trends of bacteria isolated during the study period. Overall susceptibility patterns showed that gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible to vancomycin (96%) and fluoroquinolones (89%). The resistance to ceftazidime increased from 31% in 2005 to 62% in 2015 (P = 0.006) and amikacin decreased from 36% in 2005 to 33% in 2015 (P = 0.782). Although a significant trend (P < 0.001) toward increasing microbial resistance against cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was observed, decreasing microbial resistance against glycopeptides and aminoglycosides was also detected. CONCLUSION: The spectrum of pathogens causing endophthalmitis at our institute remained similar over the study period. These findings impact the empiric treatment and choice of antibiotics in patients with endophthalmitis.
PURPOSE: To determine trends in the microbial spectrum of endophthalmitis over the past 25 years and to review its antibiotic susceptibility patterns over the last 10 years. METHODS: Microbiology records of culture-positive endophthalmitis cases from 1991 to 2015 were reviewed. Additionally, data between 2005 and 2015 was also analyzed for trends in antibiotic susceptibility. RESULTS: Of the total of 9278 patients, 3319 (35.7%) were culture positive and included bacteria (2840/3319, 85.56%), fungi (387/3319, 11.66%), and mixed cultures (92/3319, 2.7%). Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 67.68% (1922/2840) of the total bacteria seen, with the most prevalent pathogen being Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Among the gram-negative organisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most prevalent while. Aspergillus flavus was the most common fungus isolated and Candida sp. accounted for 6.9% of the total fungi isolated. There was no significant change in the trends of bacteria isolated during the study period. Overall susceptibility patterns showed that gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible to vancomycin (96%) and fluoroquinolones (89%). The resistance to ceftazidime increased from 31% in 2005 to 62% in 2015 (P = 0.006) and amikacin decreased from 36% in 2005 to 33% in 2015 (P = 0.782). Although a significant trend (P < 0.001) toward increasing microbial resistance against cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was observed, decreasing microbial resistance against glycopeptides and aminoglycosides was also detected. CONCLUSION: The spectrum of pathogens causing endophthalmitis at our institute remained similar over the study period. These findings impact the empiric treatment and choice of antibiotics in patients with endophthalmitis.
Authors: Savitri Sharma; Tapas R Padhi; Soumyava Basu; Sarita Kar; Arvind Roy; Taraprasad Das Journal: Indian J Med Res Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 2.375
Authors: Justin van Halsema; Ruud Jansen; Adriaan Heineken; Tjaco M van Ossewaarde; Magda A Meester-Smoor; Jan C van Meurs Journal: Acta Ophthalmol Date: 2021-07-13 Impact factor: 3.988