Gilbert Hangel1, Saurabh Jain2, Elisabeth Springer1, Eva Hečková1, Bernhard Strasser3, Michal Považan4, Stephan Gruber1, Georg Widhalm5, Barbara Kiesel5, Julia Furtner6, Matthias Preusser7, Thomas Roetzer8, Siegfried Trattnig1, Diana M Sima2, Dirk Smeets2, Wolfgang Bogner9. 1. High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Austria. 2. icometrix, R&D, Leuven, Belgium. 3. Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. 5. Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 6. Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 7. Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 8. Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 9. High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Austria. Electronic address: wolfgang.bogner@meduniwien.ac.at.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility of 7 T magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), combined with patch-based super-resolution (PBSR) reconstruction, for high-resolution multi-metabolite mapping of gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with WHO grade II, III and IV gliomas (6/4, male/female; 45 ± 9 years old) were prospectively measured between 2014 and 2018 on a 7 T whole-body MR imager after routine 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Free induction decay MRSI with a 64 × 64-matrix and a nominal voxel size of 3.4 × 3.4 × 8 mm³ was acquired in six minutes, along with standard T1/T2-weighted MRI. Metabolic maps were obtained via spectral LCmodel processing and reconstructed to 0.9 × 0.9 × 8 mm³ resolutions via PBSR. RESULTS: Metabolite maps obtained from combined 7 T MRSI and PBSR resolved the density of metabolic activity in the gliomas in unprecedented detail. Particularly in the more heterogeneous cases (e.g. post resection), metabolite maps enabled the identification of complex metabolic activities, which were in topographic agreement with PET enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: PBSR-MRSI combines the benefits of ultra-high-field MR systems, cutting-edge MRSI, and advanced postprocessing to allow millimetric resolution molecular imaging of glioma tissue beyond standard methods. An ideal example is the accurate imaging of glutamine, which is a prime target of modern therapeutic approaches, made possible due to the higher spectral resolution of 7 T systems.
OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility of 7 T magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), combined with patch-based super-resolution (PBSR) reconstruction, for high-resolution multi-metabolite mapping of gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with WHO grade II, III and IV gliomas (6/4, male/female; 45 ± 9 years old) were prospectively measured between 2014 and 2018 on a 7 T whole-body MR imager after routine 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Free induction decay MRSI with a 64 × 64-matrix and a nominal voxel size of 3.4 × 3.4 × 8 mm³ was acquired in six minutes, along with standard T1/T2-weighted MRI. Metabolic maps were obtained via spectral LCmodel processing and reconstructed to 0.9 × 0.9 × 8 mm³ resolutions via PBSR. RESULTS: Metabolite maps obtained from combined 7 T MRSI and PBSR resolved the density of metabolic activity in the gliomas in unprecedented detail. Particularly in the more heterogeneous cases (e.g. post resection), metabolite maps enabled the identification of complex metabolic activities, which were in topographic agreement with PET enhancement. CONCLUSIONS:PBSR-MRSI combines the benefits of ultra-high-field MR systems, cutting-edge MRSI, and advanced postprocessing to allow millimetric resolution molecular imaging of glioma tissue beyond standard methods. An ideal example is the accurate imaging of glutamine, which is a prime target of modern therapeutic approaches, made possible due to the higher spectral resolution of 7 T systems.
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