Mads Mose Jensen1, Jens Steen Olesen2, Bertram Kjerulff3, Stine Byberg4, Zacarias José da Silva5, Amabelia Rodrigues6, Sanne Jespersen2, Christian Wejse7, Peter Aaby4, Christian Erikstrup3, Bo Langhoff Hønge8. 1. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Electronic address: Madsmose@gmail.com. 2. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. 3. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. 4. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. 5. National Public Health Laboratory, CP 1013, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 6. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 7. Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark; GloHAU, Center for Global Health, Aarhus University Hospital, School of Public Health, Aarhus, Denmark. 8. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The HIV-2 and HTLV-1 prevalences in Bissau have followed similar trends in surveys from 1996 and 2006 with HTLV-1 prevalences of 3.6% and 2.3%, respectively. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and informative campaigns about HIV, the epidemics may have shifted. To evaluate the current HTLV prevalence and the continued association with HIV, we performed a third survey. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was performed from November 2014 to February 2016. In total, 2583 participants were interviewed, tested for HIV, and had blood samples collected. Samples were analysed for anti-HTLV using chemiluminescence and immunoblot assays. We calculated the HTLV prevalence for 2016 and examined risk factors for HTLV and associations with HIV using binominal regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of HTLV was 2.8% (71/2583), 1.5% (16/1,089) for men and 3.7% (55/1,494) for women. Old age, female sex, HIV-2 infection and sharing a house with a HTLV- infected person were strong risk factors for HTLV. In contrast to previous studies, we found a non-significant increase in prevalence among the 15-24 year-olds since 2006, supporting ongoing transmission. CONCLUSIONS: The HTLV prevalence in Bissau showed a non-significant increase. We found evidence supporting continuous vertical and horizontal routes of transmissions.
BACKGROUND: The HIV-2 and HTLV-1 prevalences in Bissau have followed similar trends in surveys from 1996 and 2006 with HTLV-1 prevalences of 3.6% and 2.3%, respectively. However, following the introduction of antiretroviral treatment (ART) and informative campaigns about HIV, the epidemics may have shifted. To evaluate the current HTLV prevalence and the continued association with HIV, we performed a third survey. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was performed from November 2014 to February 2016. In total, 2583 participants were interviewed, tested for HIV, and had blood samples collected. Samples were analysed for anti-HTLV using chemiluminescence and immunoblot assays. We calculated the HTLV prevalence for 2016 and examined risk factors for HTLV and associations with HIV using binominal regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of HTLV was 2.8% (71/2583), 1.5% (16/1,089) for men and 3.7% (55/1,494) for women. Old age, female sex, HIV-2 infection and sharing a house with a HTLV- infected person were strong risk factors for HTLV. In contrast to previous studies, we found a non-significant increase in prevalence among the 15-24 year-olds since 2006, supporting ongoing transmission. CONCLUSIONS: The HTLV prevalence in Bissau showed a non-significant increase. We found evidence supporting continuous vertical and horizontal routes of transmissions.
Authors: Joakim Esbjörnsson; Marianne Jansson; Sanne Jespersen; Fredrik Månsson; Bo L Hønge; Jacob Lindman; Candida Medina; Zacarias J da Silva; Hans Norrgren; Patrik Medstrand; Sarah L Rowland-Jones; Christian Wejse Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2019-09-05 Impact factor: 2.250
Authors: Ricardo Ishak; Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães Ishak; Vânia Nakauth Azevedo; Luiz Fernando Almeida Machado; Izaura Maria Cayres Vallinoto; Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz; Greice de Lemos Cardoso Costa; João Farias Guerreiro; Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto Journal: Virus Evol Date: 2020-07-24
Authors: S Jespersen; F Månsson; J Lindman; C Wejse; C Medina; Z J da Silva; DdS Te; P Medstrand; J Esbjörnsson; B L Hønge Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2020-02-04 Impact factor: 2.250