Jianping Guo1,2, Jing Liu2,3, Wenyi Wei4. 1. The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 2. Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. 3. Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi' an, Shanxi, China. 4. Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. wwei2@bidmc.harvard.edu.