Lindsay Haines1, Omari-Khalid Rahman2, Justin J Sanders3, Kimberly Johnson4,5, Amy Kelley2,6. 1. 1Department of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 2. 2Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York. 3. 3Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. 4Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. 5. 5Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina. 6. 6James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
Abstract
Background: Goal-concordant care (GCC)-care aligned with a patient's known goals and values-is a measure of the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care that can be assessed by surveying family members after a patient's death. It is unknown whether patient characteristics affect this measure. Objective: The objective of the article was to examine family report of GCC and its associations with patient characteristics. Methods: Using the Health and Retirement Study, which is a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort of adults over age 50, we sampled decedents whose family completed the 2014 postdeath interview. Families reported frequency of GCC at the EOL. A multivariable regression model assessed the associations between family report of GCC and decedent characteristics. Results: Of 1175 respondents, 76% reported that the decedent "usually" or "always" received GCC. Proxy report of GCC was independently associated with age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.03), having three or more chronic medical conditions (AOR 1.34, CI 1.02-1.77), the presence of written or verbal advance care planning (ACP) (AOR 1.38, CI 1.02-1.88), and an interaction term of race and ability to participate in EOL decision making (AOR 3.83, CI 1.02-14.40). African American race was not independently associated with GCC (AOR 0.73, CI 0.5-1.06). Conclusion: Family's report of GCC is associated with ACP, age, and multimorbidity. Being African American and perceived as able to participate in EOL decision making was significantly associated with report of GCC. Bringing the patient's voice into EOL care discussions through upstream ACP with likely surrogates may be particularly important to improving GCC for African Americans.
Background: Goal-concordant care (GCC)-care aligned with a patient's known goals and values-is a measure of the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care that can be assessed by surveying family members after a patient's death. It is unknown whether patient characteristics affect this measure. Objective: The objective of the article was to examine family report of GCC and its associations with patient characteristics. Methods: Using the Health and Retirement Study, which is a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort of adults over age 50, we sampled decedents whose family completed the 2014 postdeath interview. Families reported frequency of GCC at the EOL. A multivariable regression model assessed the associations between family report of GCC and decedent characteristics. Results: Of 1175 respondents, 76% reported that the decedent "usually" or "always" received GCC. Proxy report of GCC was independently associated with age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.03), having three or more chronic medical conditions (AOR 1.34, CI 1.02-1.77), the presence of written or verbal advance care planning (ACP) (AOR 1.38, CI 1.02-1.88), and an interaction term of race and ability to participate in EOL decision making (AOR 3.83, CI 1.02-14.40). African American race was not independently associated with GCC (AOR 0.73, CI 0.5-1.06). Conclusion: Family's report of GCC is associated with ACP, age, and multimorbidity. Being African American and perceived as able to participate in EOL decision making was significantly associated with report of GCC. Bringing the patient's voice into EOL care discussions through upstream ACP with likely surrogates may be particularly important to improving GCC for African Americans.
Entities:
Keywords:
advance care planning; goal-concordant care; patient satisfaction
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