Contact guidance on microfabricated substrata: the response of teleost fin mesenchyme cells to repeating topographical patterns.

The mesenchymal tissue component of the teleost pectoral fin bud has been explanted onto microfabricated quartz discs containing patterns of regular grooves of dimensions similar to those encountered by contact-guided cells in the intact fin system. Computer-aided analysis of cell migration on five separate patterns, from 1.8 to 7.4 microns repeat spacing, revealed that migration was predominantly aligned parallel to the long axis of the grooves, with individual cells becoming highly polarized, and the highest index of alignment (3.7) produced on the widest repeat spacings. When these cells are cultured on planar quartz, which is both chemically and physically isotropic, they flatten and adopt a morphology similar to that shown by cultured fibroblastic cell types on flat surfaces, suggesting that fin mesenchymal cells are not intrinsically predisposed to adopt an arborized morphology, like that observed in the intact fin bud. These results clearly demonstrate a directional migration in response to substratum topography, from a cell type known to be contact guided in vivo, and in the complete absence of adhesive heterogeneities.