Tobias Schupp1, Ibrahim Akin1, Linda Reiser1, Armin Bollow1, Gabriel Taton1, Thomas Reichelt1, Dominik Ellguth1, Niko Engelke1, Uzair Ansari1, Kambis Mashayekhi2, Christel Weiß3, Christoph Nienaber4, Muharrem Akin5, Martin Borggrefe1, Michael Behnes6. 1. First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), and DZHK, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. 2. Department of Cardiology and Angiology II, University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Bad Krozingen, Germany. 3. Institute of Biomathematics and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim (UMM), Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. 4. Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, NHS, London, UK. 5. Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. 6. First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), and DZHK, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, German Center for Cardiovascular Research) partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. michael.behnes@umm.de.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The study sought to evaluate the prognostic impact of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in consecutive ICD recipients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias on admission. METHODS: All consecutive patients surviving at least one episode of ventricular tachyarrhythmias from 2002 to 2016 and discharged with an ICD (pre-existing ICD or ICD implantation at index hospitalization) were included. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality according to the presence or absence of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias at 5 years. Secondary endpoints comprised the impact of different types of recurrences, appropriate ICD therapies, as well as predictors of recurrences and appropriate ICD therapies. Kaplan-Meier, multivariable Cox regression and propensity score matching analyses were applied. RESULTS: A total of 592 consecutive ICD recipients was included (44% with recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and 56% without). Recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias were associated with increased all-cause mortality at 5 years (HR = 1.498; 95% CI = 1.052-2.132; p = 0.025). Worst survival was observed in patients with sustained VT or VF as first recurrences compared to non-sustained VT, as well as in patients with cumulative recurrences of non-sustained or sustained VT plus VF, whereas mortality was not affected by the number of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (> 4 vs. ≤ 4). Moreover, appropriate ICD therapies were associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR = 1.874; 95% CI = 1.318-2.666; p = 0.001), mainly attributed to secondary preventive ICDs. Finally, atrial fibrillation, LVEF < 35% and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy were identified as predictors of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and recurrent appropriate ICD therapies are associated with increased long-term all-cause mortality in consecutive ICD recipients. Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, AF and LVEF < 35% revealed to be significant predictors of both endpoints.
PURPOSE: The study sought to evaluate the prognostic impact of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in consecutive ICD recipients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias on admission. METHODS: All consecutive patients surviving at least one episode of ventricular tachyarrhythmias from 2002 to 2016 and discharged with an ICD (pre-existing ICD or ICD implantation at index hospitalization) were included. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality according to the presence or absence of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias at 5 years. Secondary endpoints comprised the impact of different types of recurrences, appropriate ICD therapies, as well as predictors of recurrences and appropriate ICD therapies. Kaplan-Meier, multivariable Cox regression and propensity score matching analyses were applied. RESULTS: A total of 592 consecutive ICD recipients was included (44% with recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and 56% without). Recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias were associated with increased all-cause mortality at 5 years (HR = 1.498; 95% CI = 1.052-2.132; p = 0.025). Worst survival was observed in patients with sustained VT or VF as first recurrences compared to non-sustained VT, as well as in patients with cumulative recurrences of non-sustained or sustained VT plus VF, whereas mortality was not affected by the number of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (> 4 vs. ≤ 4). Moreover, appropriate ICD therapies were associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR = 1.874; 95% CI = 1.318-2.666; p = 0.001), mainly attributed to secondary preventive ICDs. Finally, atrial fibrillation, LVEF < 35% and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy were identified as predictors of recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and recurrent appropriate ICD therapies are associated with increased long-term all-cause mortality in consecutive ICD recipients. Non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, AF and LVEF < 35% revealed to be significant predictors of both endpoints.
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