Transformation and expression of a gene for herbicide resistance in a Brazilian sugarcane.

Embryogenic calli of the Brazilian sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) genotype SP80-180 were transformed with two plasmids containing genes coding for neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) and phosphinotrycin acetyltransferase (bar), by particle bombardment using an apparatus developed at Copersucar Technology Center. Transformed plants were initially selected on culture medium containing Geneticin, and resistance was confirmed by localized application of a kanamycin solution to leaves of hardened plants at the nursery. A commercial formulation of ammonium gluphosinate was sprayed twice on these antibiotic-resistant plants. The resistant plants were considered co-transformed, and Southern analysis confirmed stable integration of both bar and neo genes. In addition, phosphinotrycin acetyltransferase expression was supported by RT-PCR analysis and neomycin phosphotransferase presence was demonstrated by western blotting. Similar analyses were also performed with micropropagated transformants after three cycles of subculture.