Neonatal Cerebral Air Embolism.

BACKGROUND: Vascular air embolism (VAE) is rare but potentially lethal condition, and survival is rarely reported in newborn. CHARACTERISTICS: A preterm (27+1 weeks) neonate on Continuous positive airway pressure developed sudden cardiac asystole on day 3 of life and required 30 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. OBSERVATION: Infant had air embolism in liver and brain. He survived but developed cystic encephalomalcia requiring extensive neuro-rehabilitation. MESSAGE: Air embolism should be considered as differential diagnosis of sudden unexplained cardiac deterioration in well neonate.