Victoria W Reynolds1, Melissa E Chinn2, Jacob A Jolly1, Tara N Kelley1, Megan E Peter1, Leena Choi3, Samuel Nwosu3, Barbara Carranza Leon4, Autumn D Zuckerman5. 1. Specialty Pharmacy Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 2. Lipscomb College of Pharmacy, One University Park Dr, Nashville, TN, USA. 3. Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, TN, USA. 4. Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 5. Specialty Pharmacy Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. Electronic address: zuckerman.autumn@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Access to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors that lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events has proven challenging. Methods to overcome access barriers are needed to fully realize the benefits of these novel agents. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated medication access rates in patients prescribed a PCSK9 inhibitor at a health care system with integrated specialty pharmacy services. METHODS: We performed a single-center, ambispective cohort study of patients prescribed a PCSK9 inhibitor between September 2015 and December 2016 at Vanderbilt University Medical Center outpatient clinics. The primary end point was the percentage of PCSK9 inhibitor prescriptions resulting in access of the total prescriptions triaged to Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy. Secondary end points assessed among patients approved for therapy included time between benefits investigation and insurance approval, financial assistance use, and treatment initiation rates. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-nine patients met inclusion criteria (average age = 63 years). Forty-six percent were female, 57% held commercial insurance, and 70% had an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease indication. Overall, 96% of prescriptions resulted in access to a PCSK9 inhibitor. Most patients were approved with an initial prior authorization (58%) or after one appeal (29%). The median time to approval was 8 days. Among patients approved for therapy, 53% received financial assistance and 94% initiated therapy. CONCLUSION: An integrated specialty pharmacy service model in outpatient clinics produced high rates of PCSK9 inhibitor therapy access and initiation. This high level of access supports this model as a best practice for prescribing PCSK9 inhibitor therapy.
BACKGROUND: Access to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors that lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events has proven challenging. Methods to overcome access barriers are needed to fully realize the benefits of these novel agents. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated medication access rates in patients prescribed a PCSK9 inhibitor at a health care system with integrated specialty pharmacy services. METHODS: We performed a single-center, ambispective cohort study of patients prescribed a PCSK9 inhibitor between September 2015 and December 2016 at Vanderbilt University Medical Center outpatient clinics. The primary end point was the percentage of PCSK9 inhibitor prescriptions resulting in access of the total prescriptions triaged to Vanderbilt Specialty Pharmacy. Secondary end points assessed among patients approved for therapy included time between benefits investigation and insurance approval, financial assistance use, and treatment initiation rates. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-nine patients met inclusion criteria (average age = 63 years). Forty-six percent were female, 57% held commercial insurance, and 70% had an atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease indication. Overall, 96% of prescriptions resulted in access to a PCSK9 inhibitor. Most patients were approved with an initial prior authorization (58%) or after one appeal (29%). The median time to approval was 8 days. Among patients approved for therapy, 53% received financial assistance and 94% initiated therapy. CONCLUSION: An integrated specialty pharmacy service model in outpatient clinics produced high rates of PCSK9 inhibitor therapy access and initiation. This high level of access supports this model as a best practice for prescribing PCSK9 inhibitor therapy.
Authors: Megan E Peter; Autumn D Zuckerman; Elizabeth Cherry; David G Schlundt; Kemberlee Bonnet; Nisha Shah; Tara N Kelley Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-08-15 Impact factor: 3.752
Authors: Autumn D Zuckerman; Nisha B Shah; Megan E Peter; Jacob A Jolly; Tara N Kelley Journal: Am J Health Syst Pharm Date: 2021-05-24 Impact factor: 2.637