Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in combination with sequential involved-site radiotherapy in heavily pretreated refractory Hodgkin lymphoma.

The purpose of this study was to assess efficacy and tolerance of anti-programmed death (PD)-1 immunotherapy in combination with sequential involved-site radiotherapy in heavily pretreated refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. In this case series, we reported the outcome of four heavily pretreated patients with refractory Hodgkin lymphoma treated by anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and involved site radiation therapy. After a median follow-up of 13-month, all patients were alive with complete metabolic response. After radiotherapy, all four patients experienced lung toxicity, which was resolved after antibiotherapy with or without corticosteroid treatment. Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy followed by involved-site radiotherapy is feasible and showed very encouraging results in heavily pretreated patients.