Verena Pichler1, Chiara Malandruccolo1, Paola Serini1, Romeo Bellini2, Francesco Severini3, Luciano Toma3, Marco Di Luca3, Fabrizio Montarsi4, Marco Ballardini5, Mattia Manica6, Vincenzo Petrarca1, John Vontas7,8, Shinji Kasai9, Alessandra Della Torre1, Beniamino Caputo1. 1. Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Università Sapienza, Rome, Italy. 2. Centro Agricoltura Ambiente "G.Nicoli", Crevalcore, Italy. 3. Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. 4. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy. 5. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy. 6. Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy. 7. Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology Hellas, Heraklion, Greece. 8. Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 9. Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The highly invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus has become a major health concern in temperate areas due to its role as vector of exotic arboviruses. Pyrethroid insecticides represent the main tools for limiting the circulation of such mosquito-borne viruses. The present work aim to extend previous reports on phenotypic pyrethroid-resistance in European Ae. albopictus, to identify its genetic basis and to monitor the geographical distribution of resistant genotypes, with a particular focus on sites experiencing the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy. RESULTS: Bioassays, performed according to World Health Organization protocols, showed full susceptibility to deltamethrin (concentration = 0.05%) and varying levels of resistance to permethrin (0.75%) and/or α-cypermethrin (0.05%) across Italy, with highest levels in the core of the 2017 chikungunya outbreak. Partial genotyping of the VSSC gene revealed widespread distribution of V1016G mutation and confirmed its association with pyrethroid resistance. CONCLUSION: The results obtained show that the condition for the spread of pyrethroid resistance in Ae. albopictus in Europe exists under strong selective pressure due to intensive insecticide spraying to control exotic arbovirus outbreak or high levels of nuisance. The results draw attention to the need for an evidence-based implementation of mosquito nuisance control, taking insecticide resistance management into consideration.
BACKGROUND: The highly invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus has become a major health concern in temperate areas due to its role as vector of exotic arboviruses. Pyrethroid insecticides represent the main tools for limiting the circulation of such mosquito-borne viruses. The present work aim to extend previous reports on phenotypic pyrethroid-resistance in European Ae. albopictus, to identify its genetic basis and to monitor the geographical distribution of resistant genotypes, with a particular focus on sites experiencing the 2017 chikungunya outbreak in Italy. RESULTS: Bioassays, performed according to World Health Organization protocols, showed full susceptibility to deltamethrin (concentration = 0.05%) and varying levels of resistance to permethrin (0.75%) and/or α-cypermethrin (0.05%) across Italy, with highest levels in the core of the 2017 chikungunya outbreak. Partial genotyping of the VSSC gene revealed widespread distribution of V1016G mutation and confirmed its association with pyrethroid resistance. CONCLUSION: The results obtained show that the condition for the spread of pyrethroid resistance in Ae. albopictus in Europe exists under strong selective pressure due to intensive insecticide spraying to control exotic arbovirus outbreak or high levels of nuisance. The results draw attention to the need for an evidence-based implementation of mosquito nuisance control, taking insecticide resistance management into consideration.
Authors: Sofia Balaska; Emmanouil A Fotakis; Ilias Kioulos; Linda Grigoraki; Spyridoula Mpellou; Alexandra Chaskopoulou; John Vontas Journal: Parasit Vectors Date: 2020-06-29 Impact factor: 3.876
Authors: Verena Pichler; Beniamino Caputo; Vera Valadas; Martina Micocci; Cintia Horvath; Chiara Virgillito; Mustafa Akiner; Georgios Balatsos; Christelle Bender; Gilles Besnard; Daniel Bravo-Barriga; Rubén Bueno-Mari; Francisco Collantes; Sarah Delacour-Estrella; Enkelejda Dikolli; Elena Falcuta; Eleonora Flacio; Ana L García-Pérez; Katja Kalan; Mihaela Kavran; Gregory L'Ambert; Riccardo P Lia; Eduardo Marabuto; Raquel Medialdea; Rosario Melero-Alcibar; Antonios Michaelakis; Andrei Mihalca; Ognyan Mikov; Miguel A Miranda; Pie Müller; Domenico Otranto; Igor Pajovic; Dusan Petric; Maria Teresa Rebelo; Vincent Robert; Elton Rogozi; Ana Tello; Toni Zitko; Francis Schaffner; Joao Pinto; Alessandra Della Torre Journal: Parasit Vectors Date: 2022-08-05 Impact factor: 4.047