BACKGROUND: Several types of oligosaccharides are used in infant formula to improve the gut microbiota of formula-fed infants. We previously reported that a combination of 3 oligosaccharides (lactulose, raffinose, and galacto-oligosaccharides; LRG) and Bifidobacterium breve effectively increased B. breve numbers, acetate, and the expression of several immune- and gut hormone-related mRNAs in neonatal mice gut. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether changes in neonatal gut microbiota alter gut immune and endocrine development. METHODS: We first compared postnatal day (PD) 14 with PD21 in C57BL/6J male mouse pups to identify the physiologic immune and endocrine changes during development. In a separate study, we administered phosphate-buffered saline (control group; CON), B. breve M-16V (M-16V), or M-16V + LRG to male mouse pups from PD6 to PD13, and analyzed the gut microbiota and immune and endocrine parameters on PD14 to evaluate whether M-16V + LRG accelerates gut immune and endocrine development. RESULTS: The proportion of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the CD4+ cells of large intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) was significantly increased (63% higher) at PD21 compared with PD14. The serum glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 tended to be lower (P = 0.0515) and that of GLP-2 was significantly lower (58% lower) at PD21 than at PD14. M-16V + LRG significantly increased the Treg proportion in large intestinal LPL CD4+ cells (20% and 29% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) at PD14. M-16V + LRG also caused significant changes in expression of large intestinal mRNAs that are consistent with developmental progression, and increased serum concentrations of GLP-1 (207% and 311% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) and GLP-2 (57% and 97% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) at PD14. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal administration of M-16V + LRG alters the gut microbiota and enhances gut immune and endocrine development in suckling mice.
BACKGROUND: Several types of oligosaccharides are used in infant formula to improve the gut microbiota of formula-fed infants. We previously reported that a combination of 3 oligosaccharides (lactulose, raffinose, and galacto-oligosaccharides; LRG) and Bifidobacterium breve effectively increased B. breve numbers, acetate, and the expression of several immune- and gut hormone-related mRNAs in neonatal mice gut. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether changes in neonatal gut microbiota alter gut immune and endocrine development. METHODS: We first compared postnatal day (PD) 14 with PD21 in C57BL/6J male mouse pups to identify the physiologic immune and endocrine changes during development. In a separate study, we administered phosphate-buffered saline (control group; CON), B. breveM-16V (M-16V), or M-16V + LRG to male mouse pups from PD6 to PD13, and analyzed the gut microbiota and immune and endocrine parameters on PD14 to evaluate whether M-16V + LRG accelerates gut immune and endocrine development. RESULTS: The proportion of regulatory T (Treg) cells in the CD4+ cells of large intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) was significantly increased (63% higher) at PD21 compared with PD14. The serum glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 tended to be lower (P = 0.0515) and that of GLP-2 was significantly lower (58% lower) at PD21 than at PD14. M-16V + LRG significantly increased the Treg proportion in large intestinal LPL CD4+ cells (20% and 29% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) at PD14. M-16V + LRG also caused significant changes in expression of large intestinal mRNAs that are consistent with developmental progression, and increased serum concentrations of GLP-1 (207% and 311% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) and GLP-2 (57% and 97% higher compared with CON and M-16V, respectively) at PD14. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal administration of M-16V + LRG alters the gut microbiota and enhances gut immune and endocrine development in suckling mice.
Authors: Lorena Ruiz; Ana Belén Flórez; Borja Sánchez; José Antonio Moreno-Muñoz; Maria Rodriguez-Palmero; Jesús Jiménez; Clara G de Los Reyes Gavilán; Miguel Gueimonde; Patricia Ruas-Madiedo; Abelardo Margolles Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-10-24 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Silvia Saturio; Alicja M Nogacka; Guadalupe M Alvarado-Jasso; Nuria Salazar; Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán; Miguel Gueimonde; Silvia Arboleya Journal: Microorganisms Date: 2021-11-23