Heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate using Mn-Fe layered double hydroxide: Performance and mechanism for organic pollutant degradation.

On account of high oxidation ability of sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), the eco-friendly catalysts for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation have received considerable attentions. Previous studies mainly focused on Cobalt-based catalyst due to its high activation efficiency, such as Co3O4/MnO2 and FeCo-layered double hydroxide (LDH), whereas Cobalt-based catalyst usually has serious risk to environment. To avoid this risk, MnFe-LDH was primarily synthesized in this research by simple co-precipitation and subsequently utilized as an effective catalyst for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to degrade organic pollutants. The experimental results demonstrated that MnFe-LDH with a lower dosage (0.20 g/L) could efficiently activate PMS to achieve 97.56% removal of target organic pollutants Acid Orange 7 (AO7). The AO7 degradation process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic well with an activation energy of 21.32 kJ/mol. The intrinsic influencing mechanism was also investigated. The quenching experiment and electron spin resonance (ESR) indicated that sulfate and hydroxyl radicals were produced by the effective activation of PMS by MnFe-LDH, resulting in a high rate of decolorization. The possible AO7 removal pathway in the constructed MnFe-LDH/PMS system was presented on the basis of UV-vis spectrum analysis and GC-MS, which suggested that the AO7 degradation was firstly initiated by breaking azo linkages, then generated phenyl and naphthalene intermediates and finally presented as ring-opening products. This effective MnFe-LDH/PMS system showed great application potential in the purification of wastewater contaminated by refractory organic pollutants.