Mickeah J Hugley1, Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger2, Michelle L Sisson1, Angela T Nguyen1, Karen L Cropsey3. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Volker Hall L107, 1670 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35233, USA. 2. Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, USA. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Volker Hall L107, 1670 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35233, USA. Electronic address: kcropsey@uabmc.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Many smoking cessation guidelines advise smokers to quit precipitately; however, most quit attempts involve a more gradual cessation. Characteristics of individuals who tend to reduce prior to quitting and the effectiveness of pre-quit reduction are not well understood. This study examined individual differences and smoking cessation outcomes between individuals who self-initiated gradual reduction in cigarettes per day (CPD) and those who did not reduce prior to quit date. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation with pharmacotherapy among individuals under community corrections supervision. We compared participants who self-initiated smoking reduction by at least 25% between baseline and the first treatment session (n = 128) to participants who either increased or did not reduce smoking between baseline and the first treatment session (n = 354). RESULTS: African American race, no previous cigar smoking, no previous use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, less withdrawal symptoms at baseline, and older age at first smoking were associated with being a self-initiated gradual reduction in univariate analyses. Individuals who self-initiated gradual reduction also had a had a greater likelihood of achieving at least one quit during the one-year study period as compared to those who did not reduce prior to the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals who self-initiate gradual reduction differ from those who increase or do not change their smoking prior to a quit date. Gradual reduction also increased success in quitting.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: Smoking remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Many smoking cessation guidelines advise smokers to quit precipitately; however, most quit attempts involve a more gradual cessation. Characteristics of individuals who tend to reduce prior to quitting and the effectiveness of pre-quit reduction are not well understood. This study examined individual differences and smoking cessation outcomes between individuals who self-initiated gradual reduction in cigarettes per day (CPD) and those who did not reduce prior to quit date. METHODS: This study is a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation with pharmacotherapy among individuals under community corrections supervision. We compared participants who self-initiated smoking reduction by at least 25% between baseline and the first treatment session (n = 128) to participants who either increased or did not reduce smoking between baseline and the first treatment session (n = 354). RESULTS: African American race, no previous cigar smoking, no previous use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, less withdrawal symptoms at baseline, and older age at first smoking were associated with being a self-initiated gradual reduction in univariate analyses. Individuals who self-initiated gradual reduction also had a had a greater likelihood of achieving at least one quit during the one-year study period as compared to those who did not reduce prior to the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals who self-initiate gradual reduction differ from those who increase or do not change their smoking prior to a quit date. Gradual reduction also increased success in quitting.
Authors: Ahmed Jamal; Brian A King; Linda J Neff; Jennifer Whitmill; Stephen D Babb; Corinne M Graffunder Journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Date: 2016-11-11 Impact factor: 17.586
Authors: Man Ping Wang; William H Li; Yee Tak Cheung; Oi Bun Lam; Yongda Wu; Antonio C Kwong; Vienna W Lai; Sophia S Chan; Tai Hing Lam Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2017-12-13 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Elizabeth S Hawes; Sofía Mildrum Chana; Alexandra Faust; Julianne C Baker; Peter S Hendricks; Andres Azuero; Adrienne C Lahti; Matthew J Carpenter; Karen L Cropsey Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-06-21 Impact factor: 5.435