Tingting Du1,2, Camilo Fernandez2, Rupert Barshop2, Yajun Guo2, Marie Krousel-Wood2, Wei Chen2, Lu Qi2, Emily Harville2, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis3,4, Vivian Fonseca3,4, Lydia Bazzano5. 1. Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA. 3. Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA. 4. Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System Medical Center, New Orleans, LA. 5. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA lbazzano@tulane.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Childhood and young adulthood may represent time periods in which cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and their cumulative exposure lay the foundation for future risk of chronic diseases. We examined the longitudinal burden of CVRFs since childhood in men and women in whom diabetes did and did not develop at follow-up. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We included 1,530 participants (mean [SD] follow-up time 33.1 [8.2] years), who participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study and had been examined at least four times starting in childhood (mean age [SD] at first examination 9.4 [3.1] years). The area under the growth curve was used as a measure of cumulative exposure to CVRFs since childhood. RESULTS: In childhood, boys and girls in whom diabetes did and did not develop at follow-up had similar CVRFs. Yet, over time, women during the transition from normoglycemia to diabetes experienced greater adverse changes in total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (noted as early as 23.5 years old and persisting across adulthood up to the age of the diagnosis of diabetes); a higher burden of exposure to BMI, TC, LDL cholesterol, and FPG from childhood to midlife; and a greater change in rates of BMI, TC, LDL cholesterol, and FPG since childhood than men during the same transition (interaction P values <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The greater exposure of women to and burden of CVRFs associated with diagnosis of diabetes may help to explain the stronger impact of diabetes as a major risk factor for cardiovascular events in women compared with men.
OBJECTIVE: Childhood and young adulthood may represent time periods in which cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and their cumulative exposure lay the foundation for future risk of chronic diseases. We examined the longitudinal burden of CVRFs since childhood in men and women in whom diabetes did and did not develop at follow-up. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We included 1,530 participants (mean [SD] follow-up time 33.1 [8.2] years), who participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study and had been examined at least four times starting in childhood (mean age [SD] at first examination 9.4 [3.1] years). The area under the growth curve was used as a measure of cumulative exposure to CVRFs since childhood. RESULTS: In childhood, boys and girls in whom diabetes did and did not develop at follow-up had similar CVRFs. Yet, over time, women during the transition from normoglycemia to diabetes experienced greater adverse changes in total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (noted as early as 23.5 years old and persisting across adulthood up to the age of the diagnosis of diabetes); a higher burden of exposure to BMI, TC, LDL cholesterol, and FPG from childhood to midlife; and a greater change in rates of BMI, TC, LDL cholesterol, and FPG since childhood than men during the same transition (interaction P values <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The greater exposure of women to and burden of CVRFs associated with diagnosis of diabetes may help to explain the stronger impact of diabetes as a major risk factor for cardiovascular events in women compared with men.
Authors: L Lissner; P M Odell; R B D'Agostino; J Stokes; B E Kreger; A J Belanger; K D Brownell Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 1991-06-27 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Amy G Huebschmann; Rachel R Huxley; Wendy M Kohrt; Philip Zeitler; Judith G Regensteiner; Jane E B Reusch Journal: Diabetologia Date: 2019-08-27 Impact factor: 10.122
Authors: Franck Mauvais-Jarvis; Noel Bairey Merz; Peter J Barnes; Roberta D Brinton; Juan-Jesus Carrero; Dawn L DeMeo; Geert J De Vries; C Neill Epperson; Ramaswamy Govindan; Sabra L Klein; Amedeo Lonardo; Pauline M Maki; Louise D McCullough; Vera Regitz-Zagrosek; Judith G Regensteiner; Joshua B Rubin; Kathryn Sandberg; Ayako Suzuki Journal: Lancet Date: 2020-08-22 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Yilin Yoshida; Scott A Gillet; Margo I Brown; Yuanhao Zu; Sarah M Wilson; Sabreen J Ahmed; Saritha Tirumalasetty; Dragana Lovre; Marie Krousel-Wood; Joshua L Denson; Franck Mauvais-Jarvis Journal: Biol Sex Differ Date: 2021-02-05 Impact factor: 5.027
Authors: Rianneke de Ritter; Simone J S Sep; Carla J H van der Kallen; Miranda T Schram; Annemarie Koster; Abraham A Kroon; Marleen M J van Greevenbroek; Simone J P M Eussen; Pieter C Dagnelie; Marit de Jong; Rimke C Vos; Mark Woodward; Michiel L Bots; Sanne A E Peters; Coen D A Stehouwer Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2019-11-15
Authors: Bruna Visniauskas; Danielle Y Arita; Carla B Rosales; Mohammed A Feroz; Christina Luffman; Michael J Accavitti; Gabrielle Dawkins; Jennifer Hong; Andrew C Curnow; Tina K Thethi; John J Lefante; Edgar A Jaimes; Franck Mauvais-Jarvis; Vivian A Fonseca; Minolfa C Prieto Journal: Biol Sex Differ Date: 2021-05-01 Impact factor: 5.027