OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of millimeter wave (MMW) exposure on apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells and explore the mechanisms. METHODS: Through electromagnetic field calculation we simulated MMW exposure in cells and calculated the specific absorption rate (SAR). The optimal irradiation parameters were determined according to the uniformity and intensity of the SAR. A375 cells were then exposed to MMV for 15, 30, 60, or 90 min, with or without pretreatment with the caspase-3 inhibitor AC-DEVD-fmk (10 μmol/L) for 1 h at 90 min before the exposure. CCK-8 assay was used to assess the changes in the viability and Annexin-V/ PI staining was used to detect the apoptosis of the cells following the exposures; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 in the cells. RESULTS: The results of electromagnetic field calculation showed that for optimal MMV exposure, the incident field needed to be perpendicular to the bottom of the plastic Petri dish with the antenna placed below the dish. CCk-8 assay showed that MMW exposure significantly inhibited the cell viability in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05); exposures for 15, 30, 60, and 90 min all resulted in significantly increased apoptosis of the cells (P < 0.05). The cells with MMW exposure showed significantly increased expression of caspase-3. The inhibitory effect of MMW on the cell viability was antagonized significantly by pretreatment of the cells with AC-DEVD-fmk (P < 0.05), which increased the cell viability rate from (36.7±0.09)% to (59.8±0.06)% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 35.2 GHz millimeter wave irradiation induces apoptosis in A375 cells by activating the caspase-3 protein.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of millimeter wave (MMW) exposure on apoptosis of humanmelanoma A375 cells and explore the mechanisms. METHODS: Through electromagnetic field calculation we simulated MMW exposure in cells and calculated the specific absorption rate (SAR). The optimal irradiation parameters were determined according to the uniformity and intensity of the SAR. A375 cells were then exposed to MMV for 15, 30, 60, or 90 min, with or without pretreatment with the caspase-3 inhibitor AC-DEVD-fmk (10 μmol/L) for 1 h at 90 min before the exposure. CCK-8 assay was used to assess the changes in the viability and Annexin-V/ PI staining was used to detect the apoptosis of the cells following the exposures; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 in the cells. RESULTS: The results of electromagnetic field calculation showed that for optimal MMV exposure, the incident field needed to be perpendicular to the bottom of the plastic Petri dish with the antenna placed below the dish. CCk-8 assay showed that MMW exposure significantly inhibited the cell viability in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05); exposures for 15, 30, 60, and 90 min all resulted in significantly increased apoptosis of the cells (P < 0.05). The cells with MMW exposure showed significantly increased expression of caspase-3. The inhibitory effect of MMW on the cell viability was antagonized significantly by pretreatment of the cells with AC-DEVD-fmk (P < 0.05), which increased the cell viability rate from (36.7±0.09)% to (59.8±0.06)% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 35.2 GHz millimeter wave irradiation induces apoptosis in A375 cells by activating the caspase-3 protein.
Entities:
Keywords:
apoptosis; electromagnetic calculation; irradiation; specific absorption rate
Authors: Amerigo Beneduci; Giuseppe Chidichimo; Renata De Rose; Luigi Filippelli; Serafina V Straface; S Venuta Journal: Anticancer Res Date: 2005 Mar-Apr Impact factor: 2.480
Authors: Lorenzo Galluzzi; Ilio Vitale; Stuart A Aaronson; John M Abrams; Dieter Adam; Patrizia Agostinis; Emad S Alnemri; Lucia Altucci; Ivano Amelio; David W Andrews; Margherita Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli; Alexey V Antonov; Eli Arama; Eric H Baehrecke; Nickolai A Barlev; Nicolas G Bazan; Francesca Bernassola; Mathieu J M Bertrand; Katiuscia Bianchi; Mikhail V Blagosklonny; Klas Blomgren; Christoph Borner; Patricia Boya; Catherine Brenner; Michelangelo Campanella; Eleonora Candi; Didac Carmona-Gutierrez; Francesco Cecconi; Francis K-M Chan; Navdeep S Chandel; Emily H Cheng; Jerry E Chipuk; John A Cidlowski; Aaron Ciechanover; Gerald M Cohen; Marcus Conrad; Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz; Peter E Czabotar; Vincenzo D'Angiolella; Ted M Dawson; Valina L Dawson; Vincenzo De Laurenzi; Ruggero De Maria; Klaus-Michael Debatin; Ralph J DeBerardinis; Mohanish Deshmukh; Nicola Di Daniele; Francesco Di Virgilio; Vishva M Dixit; Scott J Dixon; Colin S Duckett; Brian D Dynlacht; Wafik S El-Deiry; John W Elrod; Gian Maria Fimia; Simone Fulda; Ana J García-Sáez; Abhishek D Garg; Carmen Garrido; Evripidis Gavathiotis; Pierre Golstein; Eyal Gottlieb; Douglas R Green; Lloyd A Greene; Hinrich Gronemeyer; Atan Gross; Gyorgy Hajnoczky; J Marie Hardwick; Isaac S Harris; Michael O Hengartner; Claudio Hetz; Hidenori Ichijo; Marja Jäättelä; Bertrand Joseph; Philipp J Jost; Philippe P Juin; William J Kaiser; Michael Karin; Thomas Kaufmann; Oliver Kepp; Adi Kimchi; Richard N Kitsis; Daniel J Klionsky; Richard A Knight; Sharad Kumar; Sam W Lee; John J Lemasters; Beth Levine; Andreas Linkermann; Stuart A Lipton; Richard A Lockshin; Carlos López-Otín; Scott W Lowe; Tom Luedde; Enrico Lugli; Marion MacFarlane; Frank Madeo; Michal Malewicz; Walter Malorni; Gwenola Manic; Jean-Christophe Marine; Seamus J Martin; Jean-Claude Martinou; Jan Paul Medema; Patrick Mehlen; Pascal Meier; Sonia Melino; Edward A Miao; Jeffery D Molkentin; Ute M Moll; Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo; Shigekazu Nagata; Gabriel Nuñez; Andrew Oberst; Moshe Oren; Michael Overholtzer; Michele Pagano; Theocharis Panaretakis; Manolis Pasparakis; Josef M Penninger; David M Pereira; Shazib Pervaiz; Marcus E Peter; Mauro Piacentini; Paolo Pinton; Jochen H M Prehn; Hamsa Puthalakath; Gabriel A Rabinovich; Markus Rehm; Rosario Rizzuto; Cecilia M P Rodrigues; David C Rubinsztein; Thomas Rudel; Kevin M Ryan; Emre Sayan; Luca Scorrano; Feng Shao; Yufang Shi; John Silke; Hans-Uwe Simon; Antonella Sistigu; Brent R Stockwell; Andreas Strasser; Gyorgy Szabadkai; Stephen W G Tait; Daolin Tang; Nektarios Tavernarakis; Andrew Thorburn; Yoshihide Tsujimoto; Boris Turk; Tom Vanden Berghe; Peter Vandenabeele; Matthew G Vander Heiden; Andreas Villunger; Herbert W Virgin; Karen H Vousden; Domagoj Vucic; Erwin F Wagner; Henning Walczak; David Wallach; Ying Wang; James A Wells; Will Wood; Junying Yuan; Zahra Zakeri; Boris Zhivotovsky; Laurence Zitvogel; Gerry Melino; Guido Kroemer Journal: Cell Death Differ Date: 2018-01-23 Impact factor: 12.067