Ida Gillberg Andersen1,2, Jens-Christian Holm3,4, Preben Homøe5,6. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Lykkebaekvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark. ida_ga@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Obesity Clinic, Holbaek University Hospital, Smedelundsgade 60, 4300, Holbaek, Denmark. ida_ga@hotmail.com. 3. Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Obesity Clinic, Holbaek University Hospital, Smedelundsgade 60, 4300, Holbaek, Denmark. 4. The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3A, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. 5. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Lykkebaekvej 1, 4600, Køge, Denmark. 6. Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children referred for obesity treatment, and to compare the prevalence with that of a normal-weight group. Moreover, we examined the association between Body Mass Index Standard Deviation Score (BMI SDS) and the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 139 children aged 7-18 years with overweight/obesity (BMI SDS >1.28) recruited from an obesity treatment clinic. The normal-weight group consisted of 33 children (BMI SDS ≤ 1.28) aged 7-18 years recruited from schools. Sleep examinations were performed using a type 3 portable sleep monitor (Nox T3). OSA was defined as AHI ≥ 2. Height and weight were measured and the tonsillar size was clinically estimated using the Brodsky scale. RESULTS: The OSA prevalence was 44.6% in children with overweight/obesity compared with 9.1% in the normal-weight group (p = 0.0002), and the relative risk of OSA was 4.9 (95% CI 1.6-14.7). In a logistic regression, a one-unit increase in the BMI SDS increased the odds of having OSA by a factor of 1.92 independent of age, sex, tonsillar hypertrophy, and asthma (95% CI 1.33-2.76, p = 0.0005). A generalized linear regression adjusted for the same variables revealed an association between BMI SDS and AHI (a one-unit increase in the BMI SDS equaled an average increase in the AHI of 35% (95% CI 19-53%, p < 0.0001)). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, children with overweight/obesity had a significantly higher prevalence of OSA compared with a normal-weight group. Increased BMI SDS was associated with increased AHI.
PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children referred for obesity treatment, and to compare the prevalence with that of a normal-weight group. Moreover, we examined the association between Body Mass Index Standard Deviation Score (BMI SDS) and the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 139 children aged 7-18 years with overweight/obesity (BMI SDS >1.28) recruited from an obesity treatment clinic. The normal-weight group consisted of 33 children (BMI SDS ≤ 1.28) aged 7-18 years recruited from schools. Sleep examinations were performed using a type 3 portable sleep monitor (Nox T3). OSA was defined as AHI ≥ 2. Height and weight were measured and the tonsillar size was clinically estimated using the Brodsky scale. RESULTS: The OSA prevalence was 44.6% in children with overweight/obesity compared with 9.1% in the normal-weight group (p = 0.0002), and the relative risk of OSA was 4.9 (95% CI 1.6-14.7). In a logistic regression, a one-unit increase in the BMI SDS increased the odds of having OSA by a factor of 1.92 independent of age, sex, tonsillar hypertrophy, and asthma (95% CI 1.33-2.76, p = 0.0005). A generalized linear regression adjusted for the same variables revealed an association between BMI SDS and AHI (a one-unit increase in the BMI SDS equaled an average increase in the AHI of 35% (95% CI 19-53%, p < 0.0001)). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, children with overweight/obesity had a significantly higher prevalence of OSA compared with a normal-weight group. Increased BMI SDS was associated with increased AHI.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adolescent; Child; Normal weight; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea
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