Erdem Karadeniz1, Ozgur Caglar2, Binali Firinci2, Ali Ahiskalioglu3, Mehmet Dumlu Aydin4, Mehmet Nuri Kocak5, Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi6, Murat Yigiter2, Sare Sipal7, Betul Gundogdu7. 1. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: erdem7600@hotmail.com. 2. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erzurum, Turkey. 3. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Erzurum, Turkey. 4. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Erzurum, Turkey. Electronic address: nmda11@hotmail.com. 5. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Erzurum, Turkey. 6. Ataturk University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Pharmacology, Erzurum, Turkey. 7. Ataturk University, Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Erzurum, Turkey.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although posttraumatic mesenteric artery ischemia is attributed to various etiologies, sacral parasympathetic network/mesenteric artery relations have not been studied so far. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate whether there is a relationship between Onuf's nucleus ischemia and mesenteric artery vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS: This study was conducted on 22 rabbits. The animals were grouped as follows: 5 of animals control, 5 SHAM which saline was given, and 12 animals study group that was homologous blood injected into the spinal subarachnoid space at the Lı level. Neurodegeneration in Onuf's nucleus, axonal degeneration of S2 roots, and mesenteric arteries vasospasm indexes (VSI; Wall surface/Lumen surface), brachias of mesentery arteries in various tissues and ischemic mucosal changes of intestines of all animals were determined histopathologically. Important degenerative changes were detected in axons in S2 roots and Onuf's nucleus in severe mesenteric artery vasospasm observed. RESULTS: The mean degenerated neuron density of Onuf's nucleus (n/mm3), degenerated axon density in S2 roots (n/mm2), and VSI values of mesenteric arteries of control, SHAM, and study groups were estimated as 5.00 ± 1.58, 4.00 ± 1.58, 1.76 ± 0.13; 18.29 ± 4.31, 11.00 ± 2.24, 2.23 ± 0.20; and 135.21 ± 30.75, 117.33 ± 22.11, 2.81 ± 0.44, respectively. Statistical analyses between the VSI values, mucosal ischemic changes degenerated neurons in Onuf's nucleus, and axons in S2 levels were meaningful (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: We interestingly noticed that Onuf's nucleus-S2 roots complex degeneration plays an important role in mesenteric artery vasospasm and the development of intestinal ischemic mucosal changes following SAH which has not been extensively mentioned in the literature.
BACKGROUND: Although posttraumatic mesenteric artery ischemia is attributed to various etiologies, sacral parasympathetic network/mesenteric artery relations have not been studied so far. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate whether there is a relationship between Onuf's nucleus ischemia and mesenteric artery vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). METHODS: This study was conducted on 22 rabbits. The animals were grouped as follows: 5 of animals control, 5 SHAM which saline was given, and 12 animals study group that was homologous blood injected into the spinal subarachnoid space at the Lı level. Neurodegeneration in Onuf's nucleus, axonal degeneration of S2 roots, and mesenteric arteries vasospasm indexes (VSI; Wall surface/Lumen surface), brachias of mesentery arteries in various tissues and ischemic mucosal changes of intestines of all animals were determined histopathologically. Important degenerative changes were detected in axons in S2 roots and Onuf's nucleus in severe mesenteric artery vasospasm observed. RESULTS: The mean degenerated neuron density of Onuf's nucleus (n/mm3), degenerated axon density in S2 roots (n/mm2), and VSI values of mesenteric arteries of control, SHAM, and study groups were estimated as 5.00 ± 1.58, 4.00 ± 1.58, 1.76 ± 0.13; 18.29 ± 4.31, 11.00 ± 2.24, 2.23 ± 0.20; and 135.21 ± 30.75, 117.33 ± 22.11, 2.81 ± 0.44, respectively. Statistical analyses between the VSI values, mucosal ischemic changes degenerated neurons in Onuf's nucleus, and axons in S2 levels were meaningful (p < 0.005). CONCLUSION: We interestingly noticed that Onuf's nucleus-S2 roots complex degeneration plays an important role in mesenteric artery vasospasm and the development of intestinal ischemic mucosal changes following SAH which has not been extensively mentioned in the literature.