Literature DB >> 30677728

Novichoks - The A group of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents.

Marcin Kloske1, Zygfryd Witkiewicz2.   

Abstract

Novichok use has become symbol for the chemical substances use to carry out political assassinations. In the last century, poisonous warfare agents were used for the first time on the battlefields, almost all over the world. After the World War II, new types of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents were developed. Novichoks are only ones, but the most important part of them - the 4th generation of chemical warfare agents. Despite the Chemical Weapons Convention, entered into force in 1997, there is still real threat of use of chemical weapons. This weapon can be used by both states, and transnational terrorist organisations. Novichoks, A code-named substances, should be permanently introduced into a number of chemical substances contained in organophosphorus chemical warfare poisonous agents. This article presents a short fourth-generation nerve agents' description. Group A compounds together with G and V groups compounds are organophosphorus chemical warfare agents which are very dangerous ones. Our article is an attempt to provide answer for the question - what are Novichoks? And why they should be introduced into Chemical Weapons Convention.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Chemical warfare agents; Chemical weapon; Nerve agents; Novichok

Mesh:

Substances:

Year:  2019        PMID: 30677728     DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.054

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Chemosphere        ISSN: 0045-6535            Impact factor:   7.086


  8 in total

Review 1.  Interpol review of toxicology 2016-2019.

Authors:  Wing-Sum Chan; George Fai Wong; Chi-Wai Hung; Yau-Nga Wong; Kit-Mai Fung; Wai-Kit Lee; Kwok-Leung Dao; Chung-Wing Leung; Kam-Moon Lo; Wing-Man Lee; Bobbie Kwok-Keung Cheung
Journal:  Forensic Sci Int       Date:  2020-05-23       Impact factor: 2.395

2.  Development of versatile and potent monoquaternary reactivators of acetylcholinesterase.

Authors:  Lukas Gorecki; Vendula Hepnarova; Jana Zdarova Karasova; Martina Hrabinova; Charlotte Courageux; José Dias; Tomas Kucera; Tereza Kobrlova; Lubica Muckova; Lukas Prchal; David Malinak; Daniel Jun; Kamil Musilek; Franz Worek; Florian Nachon; Ondrej Soukup; Jan Korabecny
Journal:  Arch Toxicol       Date:  2021-01-31       Impact factor: 5.153

3.  Are the current commercially available oximes capable of reactivating acetylcholinesterase inhibited by the nerve agents of the A-series?

Authors:  Marcelo C Santos; Fernanda D Botelho; Arlan S Gonçalves; Daniel A S Kitagawa; Caio V N Borges; Taynara Carvalho-Silva; Leandro B Bernardo; Cíntia N Ferreira; Rafael B Rodrigues; Denise C Ferreira Neto; Eugenie Nepovimova; Kamil Kuča; Steven R LaPlante; Antonio L S Lima; Tanos C C França; Samir F A Cavalcante
Journal:  Arch Toxicol       Date:  2022-06-06       Impact factor: 6.168

4.  Unambiguous identification and determination of A234-Novichok nerve agent biomarkers in biological fluids using GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS.

Authors:  Fatemeh Mirbabaei; Ali Mohammad-Khah; Mohammad Taghi Naseri; Mehran Babri; Sajjad Mousavi Faraz; Seyyed Esmaeil Hosseini; Davood Ashrafi
Journal:  Anal Bioanal Chem       Date:  2022-02-21       Impact factor: 4.478

5.  Cellulose Acetate-Cellulose Nanowhisker Nanocomposite Immobilized with a DCDHF-Hydrazone Chromophore toward a Smart Test Strip for Colorimetric Detection of Diethyl Chlorophosphate as a Nerve Agent Mimic.

Authors:  Rua B Alnoman; Salhah D Al-Qahtani; Abrar Bayazeed; Alaa M Munshi; Amerah Alsoliemy; Sara A Alqarni; Nashwa M El-Metwaly
Journal:  ACS Omega       Date:  2022-02-02

6.  A theoretical study of the hydrolysis mechanism of A-234; the suspected novichok agent in the Skripal attack.

Authors:  Yadhav A Imrit; Hanusha Bhakhoa; Tetiana Sergeieva; Sergi Danés; Nandini Savoo; Mohamed I Elzagheid; Lydia Rhyman; Diego M Andrada; Ponnadurai Ramasami
Journal:  RSC Adv       Date:  2020-07-27       Impact factor: 3.361

7.  Surface Acoustic Wave DMMP Gas Sensor with a Porous Graphene/PVDF Molecularly Imprinted Sensing Membrane.

Authors:  Sheng Xu; Rui Zhang; Junpeng Cui; Tao Liu; Xiuli Sui; Meng Han; Fu Zheng; Xiaoguang Hu
Journal:  Micromachines (Basel)       Date:  2021-05-12       Impact factor: 2.891

8.  Hydrolysis and enzymatic degradation of Novichok nerve agents.

Authors:  Steven P Harvey; Leslie R McMahon; Frederic J Berg
Journal:  Heliyon       Date:  2020-01-07
  8 in total

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