Camila Maria de Melo1, Mariana Pantaleão Del Re2, Marcus Vinicius Lucio Dos Santos Quaresma3, Hanna Karen Moreira Antunes3, Sonia Maria Togeiro2, Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro4, Sergio Tufik2, Marco Tulio de Mello5. 1. Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil; Interunits Program of Human Nutrition, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: camariamelo@gmail.com. 2. Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. 3. Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. 4. Interunits Program of Human Nutrition, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; School of Public Health and School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. 5. Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil; School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between habitual food intake, resting energy expenditure and sleep pattern in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. METHODS: Forty-five OSA obese males were included in the study. All participants were submitted to nocturnal polysomnography, body composition measurements by plethysmography, resting energy expenditure (REE) analysis by indirect calorimetry and they filled in a 3-day food record. RESULTS: No differences in body composition, REE and food intake were found between the moderate and severe OSA groups. A trend towards higher energy intake in the severe OSA group was observed, compared to the moderate group (p = 0.08). Significant associations between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with body weight, body mass index (BMI) and resting energy expenditure (REE) were found. Higher food intake in the evening period was positively correlated with sleep stage NREM1, arousal index, and AHI and negatively correlated with sleep stage NREM3 and sleep efficiency. A multivariate linear regression showed energy intake at breakfast to be a significant negative predictor of AHI; protein intake (g/kg) showed a positive association, while energy intake at breakfast and at dinner were negative predictors of sleep efficiency; and energy intake at dinner was a negative predictor of stage NREM1 sleep. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that higher amounts of food intake during the evening period may diminish sleep quality in moderate and severe sleep apnea patients. In addition, despite observing no differences between OSA severity groups, a moderate correlation between REE and sleep quality and OSA exists.
PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between habitual food intake, resting energy expenditure and sleep pattern in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. METHODS: Forty-five OSA obese males were included in the study. All participants were submitted to nocturnal polysomnography, body composition measurements by plethysmography, resting energy expenditure (REE) analysis by indirect calorimetry and they filled in a 3-day food record. RESULTS: No differences in body composition, REE and food intake were found between the moderate and severe OSA groups. A trend towards higher energy intake in the severe OSA group was observed, compared to the moderate group (p = 0.08). Significant associations between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) with body weight, body mass index (BMI) and resting energy expenditure (REE) were found. Higher food intake in the evening period was positively correlated with sleep stage NREM1, arousal index, and AHI and negatively correlated with sleep stage NREM3 and sleep efficiency. A multivariate linear regression showed energy intake at breakfast to be a significant negative predictor of AHI; protein intake (g/kg) showed a positive association, while energy intake at breakfast and at dinner were negative predictors of sleep efficiency; and energy intake at dinner was a negative predictor of stage NREM1 sleep. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that higher amounts of food intake during the evening period may diminish sleep quality in moderate and severe sleep apneapatients. In addition, despite observing no differences between OSA severity groups, a moderate correlation between REE and sleep quality and OSA exists.
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