Jessica L King1, Beth A Reboussin2, Kimberly D Wiseman3, Kurt M Ribisl4, Andrew B Seidenberg5, Kimberly G Wagoner3, Mark Wolfson3, Erin L Sutfin3. 1. Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. Electronic address: jlking@wakehealth.edu. 2. Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. 3. Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. 4. Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill-Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. 5. Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill-Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the prevalence of adverse symptoms electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users report experiencing. METHODS: Between August 2016 and May 2017, we conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 4964 US adults age 18 and over. Respondents who reported ever trying e-cigarettes were asked whether they ever experienced six symptoms they thought were caused by e-cigarette use. In weighted analyses, we assessed whether symptoms varied by demographics, e-cigarette use frequency, and cigarette smoking status. RESULTS: Approximately one-fourth of respondents (n = 1,624, 26.8%) reported ever trying e-cigarettes. Most were current (40.3%) or former (30.7%) cigarette smokers, with 29.0% never smokers. Just over half (58.2%) reported at least one symptom and on average 1.6 (SE = 0.1) symptoms. Symptoms included cough (40.0%), dry or irritated mouth or throat (31.0%), dizziness or lightheadedness (27.1%), headache or migraine (21.9%), shortness of breath (18.1%), change in or loss of taste (12.9%), or other (6.2%; most commonly nausea, tight chest, congestion). Among past 30-day e-cigarette users, current and never cigarette smokers were more likely than former smokers to report any symptoms (AOR = 5.25, CI = 2.05-13.46 and AOR = 2.58, CI = 0.85-7.81, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A majority of e-cigarette users reported at least one symptom, most commonly cough or dry or irritated mouth or throat. Former cigarette smokers who used e-cigarettes in the past 30 days were less likely than current or never smokers to report adverse symptoms of e-cigarette use. Future research should examine frequency of symptoms among different user groups to understand how e-cigarettes may influence public health.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the prevalence of adverse symptoms electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users report experiencing. METHODS: Between August 2016 and May 2017, we conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 4964 US adults age 18 and over. Respondents who reported ever trying e-cigarettes were asked whether they ever experienced six symptoms they thought were caused by e-cigarette use. In weighted analyses, we assessed whether symptoms varied by demographics, e-cigarette use frequency, and cigarette smoking status. RESULTS: Approximately one-fourth of respondents (n = 1,624, 26.8%) reported ever trying e-cigarettes. Most were current (40.3%) or former (30.7%) cigarette smokers, with 29.0% never smokers. Just over half (58.2%) reported at least one symptom and on average 1.6 (SE = 0.1) symptoms. Symptoms included cough (40.0%), dry or irritated mouth or throat (31.0%), dizziness or lightheadedness (27.1%), headache or migraine (21.9%), shortness of breath (18.1%), change in or loss of taste (12.9%), or other (6.2%; most commonly nausea, tight chest, congestion). Among past 30-day e-cigarette users, current and never cigarette smokers were more likely than former smokers to report any symptoms (AOR = 5.25, CI = 2.05-13.46 and AOR = 2.58, CI = 0.85-7.81, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A majority of e-cigarette users reported at least one symptom, most commonly cough or dry or irritated mouth or throat. Former cigarette smokers who used e-cigarettes in the past 30 days were less likely than current or never smokers to report adverse symptoms of e-cigarette use. Future research should examine frequency of symptoms among different user groups to understand how e-cigarettes may influence public health.
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