Rituparna Tewari1, Susweta Mitra2, Feroze Ganaie3, Sangita Das4, Anamika Chakraborty4, Nimita Venugopal1, Rajeswari Shome4, Habibur Rahman5, Bibek R Shome6. 1. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India; Department of Microbiology, Jain University, Bengaluru 560011, India. 2. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India; School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru 560078, India. 3. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary/Allergy/Critical Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. 4. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India. 5. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India; International Livestock Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India. 6. ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India. Electronic address: brshome29@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify and characterise probable extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC lactamase- and/or metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Escherichia coli variants circulating in the livestock and poultry environment to establish their epidemiological significance, genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends and virulence. METHODS: The culture method and E. coli-specific multiplex PCR identified 78 E. coli strains from faecal samples of healthy livestock and poultry. The antibiogram was determined by the disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates were screened for the presence of ESBL, AmpC and MBL genes. Isolates were further characterised by plasmid replicon typing, integron assay and virulence gene analysis. Genetic diversity was assessed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS: ESBL (CTX-M group 1, CTX-M group 4, TEM), AmpC (EBC, FOX, CMY, DHA) and MBL (IMP, SIM) resistance determinants were identified in 75%, 19% and 6% of isolates, respectively. Nine plasmid replicon types were distributed among resistant E. coli strains, with the most common plasmid replicon types being L/M and Y. Integrons were detected in 19% of E. coli isolates. RAPD analysis categorised the E. coli isolates into three clusters. MLST revealed seven different sequence types (STs), with ST10 being the most common. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of animals carrying potential ESBL- and AmpC-producing E. coli and emphasises the need for rigorous surveillance in the animal sector to identify critical control points conducive to prevent the rapid dissemination of AMR.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify and characterise probable extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC lactamase- and/or metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Escherichia coli variants circulating in the livestock and poultry environment to establish their epidemiological significance, genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends and virulence. METHODS: The culture method and E. coli-specific multiplex PCR identified 78 E. coli strains from faecal samples of healthy livestock and poultry. The antibiogram was determined by the disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. Antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates were screened for the presence of ESBL, AmpC and MBL genes. Isolates were further characterised by plasmid replicon typing, integron assay and virulence gene analysis. Genetic diversity was assessed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS:ESBL (CTX-M group 1, CTX-M group 4, TEM), AmpC (EBC, FOX, CMY, DHA) and MBL (IMP, SIM) resistance determinants were identified in 75%, 19% and 6% of isolates, respectively. Nine plasmid replicon types were distributed among resistant E. coli strains, with the most common plasmid replicon types being L/M and Y. Integrons were detected in 19% of E. coli isolates. RAPD analysis categorised the E. coli isolates into three clusters. MLST revealed seven different sequence types (STs), with ST10 being the most common. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of animals carrying potential ESBL- and AmpC-producing E. coli and emphasises the need for rigorous surveillance in the animal sector to identify critical control points conducive to prevent the rapid dissemination of AMR.
Authors: Chika Ejikeugwu; Okoro Nworie; Morteza Saki; Hussein O M Al-Dahmoshi; Noor S K Al-Khafaji; Chika Ezeador; Emmanuel Nwakaeze; Peter Eze; Eniola Oni; Chidiebere Obi; Ifeanyichukwu Iroha; Charles Esimone; Michael U Adikwu Journal: BMC Microbiol Date: 2021-04-21 Impact factor: 3.605