Jana Stefanickova1, Sandeep Saxena2, Dwividendra K Nim3, Kaleem Ahmad4, Abbas A Mahdi4, Apjit Kaur5, Shashi K Bhasker5, Jela Valaskova1, Peter Kruzliak6,7,8. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India. sandeepsaxena2020@yahoo.com. 3. Department of Pharmacology, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India. 4. Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India. 5. Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Shah Mina Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India. 6. 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com. 7. 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com. 8. Department of Internal Medicine, Brothers of Mercy Hospital, Polni 3, 639 00, Brno, Czech Republic. kruzliakpeter@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To study the association of serum ionic calcium and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with retinal photoreceptor ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption in diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: This is a tertiary care center-based observational cross-sectional study. Sixty-three consecutive cases, divided into 21 cases each with no diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy were included. Twenty-one healthy controls were also included. Ellipsoid zone disruption was assessed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Serum ionic calcium and HbA1c were measured using standard protocol. Patient data from cases were divided into two groups according to their HbA1c levels: group 1 (HbA1c < 7, n = 26) and group 2 (HbA1c > 7, n = 37). Data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Mean ionic calcium levels in group 1 and group 2 were 1.131 ± 0.073 mmol/dL and 1.170 ± 0.070 mmol/dL, respectively. In group 1, 11 out of 26 had EZ disruption (42.3%). Similarly, in group 2, 29 out of 37 had EZ disruption (78.4%). On logistic regression analysis, as compared to group 1, ellipsoid zone disruption was found to be positively associated with serum ionic calcium (p = 0.01) in group 2 cases. CONCLUSION: Increased levels of serum ionic calcium are associated with increased EZ disruption in patients with HbA1c > 7 in DR.
PURPOSE: To study the association of serum ionic calcium and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with retinal photoreceptor ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption in diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: This is a tertiary care center-based observational cross-sectional study. Sixty-three consecutive cases, divided into 21 cases each with no diabetic retinopathy, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy were included. Twenty-one healthy controls were also included. Ellipsoid zone disruption was assessed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Serum ionic calcium and HbA1c were measured using standard protocol. Patient data from cases were divided into two groups according to their HbA1c levels: group 1 (HbA1c < 7, n = 26) and group 2 (HbA1c > 7, n = 37). Data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Mean ionic calcium levels in group 1 and group 2 were 1.131 ± 0.073 mmol/dL and 1.170 ± 0.070 mmol/dL, respectively. In group 1, 11 out of 26 had EZ disruption (42.3%). Similarly, in group 2, 29 out of 37 had EZ disruption (78.4%). On logistic regression analysis, as compared to group 1, ellipsoid zone disruption was found to be positively associated with serum ionic calcium (p = 0.01) in group 2 cases. CONCLUSION: Increased levels of serum ionic calcium are associated with increased EZ disruption in patients with HbA1c > 7 in DR.
Authors: Rodica Pop-Busui; Jiang Lu; Maria Mori Brooks; Stewart Albert; Andrew D Althouse; Jorge Escobedo; Jenifer Green; Pasquale Palumbo; Bruce A Perkins; Fred Whitehouse; Teresa L Z Jones Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2013-06-11 Impact factor: 19.112